NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ TẠO VÀ THỬ NGHIỆM ĐỒ GÁ LINH HOẠT CHỦ ĐỘNG ĐIỀU CHỈNH RUNG ĐỘNG CỦA PHÔI TRONG QUÁ TRÌNH GIA CÔNG PHAY

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Tác giả: Tiến Dũng Hoàng, Văn Phong Lê, Như Tùng Nguyễn, Văn Đông Phạm, Đình Toàn Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học & Công nghệ - Trường Đại học Công nghiệp Hà Nội, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.55

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 341311

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A flexible fixture system to actively adjust the structure parameters of the machine - cutting tool - workpiece vibration system was successfully designed, manufactured, and tested. The flexible fixture was designed and manufactured with the integration and balanced arrangement of 4 springs, 2 dampers in the X direction, 4 springs, 2 dampers in the Y direction and 4 springs in the Z direction. The stiffness of the springs is adjusted by loosening or tightening the spring tensioning nuts. Adjusting the stiffness of the spring leads to a change in the natural frequency of the system and influence on the vibration and cutting force in the machining process. Under the normal nut tightening conditions, the cutting force and vibrations are both smaller than when the using the normal fixture or when using the flexible fixture with the nut to be tightened more. When using this flexible fixture, if the spindle speed is increased from 750rpm to 4000rpm, the vibrations and cutting forces increase gradually at first, and then, both cutting force and vibrations are all decrease. In this study, the natural frequency of the system is between 67 - 100Hz. At the spindle speed of 4000 rpm, the cutting forces and vibrations are both small and stable because the frequency of the cutting forces is far from the natural frequency value of the system. When the spindle speed is 3000rpm, the cutting forces and vibrations are large and unstable because the cutting force frequency is close to the system's natural frequency value.Một hệ thống đồ gá linh hoạt nhằm chủ động điều chỉnh thông số của hệ dao động máy - dụng cụ cắt - phôi đã được thiết kế, chế tạo và thử nghiệm thành công. Đồ gá linh hoạt đã được thiết kế, chế tạo với sự tích hợp và bố trí cân đối của 4 lò xo, 2 giảm chấn theo phương X, 4 lò xo, 2 giảm chấn theo phương Y và 4 lò xo theo phương Z. Độ cứng của các lò xo được điều chỉnh bằng cách nới lỏng hoặc siết chặt các đai ốc căng lò xo. Việc điều chỉnh độ cứng của lò xo dẫn tới sự thay đổi tần số riêng của hệ thống và ảnh hưởng đến rung động, lực cắt của quá trình gia công. Với điều kiện siết chặt đai ốc thông thường, lực cắt và rung động đều có giá trị nhỏ hơn so với khi không dùng đồ gá linh hoạt hoặc khi siết chặt hơn đai ốc. Khi sử dụng đồ gá linh hoạt, nếu tăng tốc độ trục chính từ 750 vòng/phút đến 4000 vòng/phút, ban đầu rung động và lực cắt tăng dần, sau đó cả lực cắt và rung động đều có xu hướng giảm dần. Trong nghiên cứu này, tần số riêng của hệ thống nằm trong khoảng từ 67 - 100Hz. Ở tốc độ 4000 vòng/phút, lực cắt và rung động đều nhỏ và ổn định hơn vì tần số của lực cắt xa giá trị tần số riêng của hệ thống. Khi tốc độ trục chính bằng 3000 vòng/phút lực cắt và rung độ có giá trị lớn và không ổn định vì tần số lực cắt có giá trị gần với giá trị tần số riêng của hệ thống.

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