KHẢO SÁT KIẾN THỨC, THỰC HÀNH, MỨC ĐỘ KIỂM SOÁT CƠN HEN VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH HEN PHẾ QUẢN

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Tác giả: Đức Hòa Dương, Thị Thúy Vũ Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.160

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 341452

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Mục tiêu: Mô tả kiến thức, thực hành về kiểm soát bệnh hen của người bệnh hen phế quản. Xác định mức độ kiểm soát cơn hen của người bệnh hen phế quản bằng Test ACT. Tìm hiểu các yếu tố liên quan đến mức độ kiểm soát cơn hen của người bệnh hen phế quản. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 76 người bệnh hen phế quản điều trị tại Khoa Nội Tổng hợp – Nội tiết, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế từ tháng 10/2020 đến tháng 4/2021. Bộ câu hỏi xây dựng được kiểm định đạt chuẩn độ tin cậy gồm 3 phần: Kiến thức, thực hành và mức độ kiểm soát cơn hen. Kết quả: 31,6% người bệnh hen biết rằng có thể kiểm soát được bệnh hen. Về thực hành, 36,8% người bệnh dùng thuốc dự phòng hàng ngày. Tỷ lệ người bệnh hen phế quản kiểm soát cơn hen tốt chiếm 27,6%. Điểm trung bình về mức độ kiểm soát hen theo ACT là 16,7 ± 3,4. Người bệnh có tiền sử hen dưới 5 năm có mức độ kiểm soát hen tốt hơn (β = 2,279,p = 0,002), người bệnh hen phế quản có thực hành kiểm soát hen tốt có mức độ kiểm soát hen tốt hơn (β = 0,735,p = 0,013). Thực hành về kiểm soát hen có vai trò trung gian toàn phần trong mối quan hệ gián tiếp giữa kiến thức về kiểm soát hen đến mức độ kiểm soát cơn hen. Kết luận: Kiến thức và thực hành đúng về kiểm soát bệnh hen của người bệnh hen phế quản còn khá thấp. Tỷ lệ người bệnh đạt được kiểm soát cơn hen tốt thấp. Tiền sử mắc hen có liên quan đến khả năng kiểm soát hen. Thực hành về kiểm soát hen đóng vai trò trung gian tác động đến mối quan hệ gián tiếp giữa kiến thức lên mức độ kiểm soát cơn hen. Cần đẩy mạnh công tác giáo dục sức khỏe về kiểm soát bệnh hen, có kế hoạch hướng dẫn, giám sát người bệnh về thực hành sử dụng thuốc, điều trị dự phòng, tái khám định kỳObjectives: To describe the knowledge and practice of asthma control among asthmatic patients. Determine the level of asthma control of patients with ACT Test. Assess factors affecting asthma control in asthmatics. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 76 asthmatic patients treated at the Department of General Internal Medicine - Endocrinology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from October 2020 to April/April. 2021. Constructed questionnaires were tested to meet reliability standards including 3 parts: Knowledge, practice and level of asthma control. Results: 31.6% of asthmatics known that their asthma could be controlled. In terms of practice, 36.8% of patients used prophylactic drugs daily. The proportion of asthmatic patients with good asthma control accounted for 27.6%. The mean score of asthma control according to ACT was 16.7 ±3.4. Patients with a history of asthma less than 5 years had better asthma control (β = 2.279,p = 0.002), and asthmatics with good asthma control practices had better asthma control (β = 0.735,p = 0.013). Asthma control practice was the overall mediator of the indirect relationship between knowledge of asthma control and degree of asthma control. Conclusion: The knowledge and correct practice of asthma control among asthmatics were quite low. The percentage of patients achieving good asthma control was low. History of asthma was related to ability to control asthma. Asthma control practices mediate the indirect relationship between knowledge and asthma control. It is necessary to promote health education on asthma control, to have a plan to guide and supervise patients on drug use practices, preventive treatment, and periodic re-examination

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