Khảo sát sự tuân thủ điều trị và các yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp tại một số trạm y tế xã phường thuộc tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế

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Tác giả: Quang Tuấn Dương, Anh Hiến Hồ, Anh Tiến Hoàng, Hồ Quỳnh Anh Lê, Minh Tâm Nguyễn, Thị Thanh Huyền Nguyễn, Đức Toàn Võ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học lâm sàng Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.94-101

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 341691

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Đặt vấn đề: Tăng huyết áp là vấn đề sức khỏe cộng đồng quan trọng tại Việt Nam. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp không đạt huyết áp mục tiêu chiếm gần 50% trong tổng số bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp. Chúng tôi thực hiện nghiên cứu này với mục tiêu khảo sát tỷ lệ tuân thủ điều trị và các yếu tố liên quan của bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp tại một số xã phường thuộc tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Chúng tôi sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, thu thập các thông tin về nhân trắc xã hội của bệnh nhân, các yếu tố nguy cơ bệnh tăng huyết áp, sử dụng bộ câu hỏi Morisky - 8 để đánh giá sự tuân thủ điều trị của bệnh nhân, thang điểm HKLS và IPQ - 9 để đánh giá kiến thức và nhận thức của bệnh nhân về bệnh tăng huyết áp, và niềm tin của bệnh nhân về sử dụng thuốc điều trị. Bộ câu hỏi có cấu trúc được sử dụng để thu thập thông tin. Phần mềm SPSS 20.0 được sử dụng để phân tích số liệu. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ tuân thủ điều trị ở bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp là 24%, trong đó nam giới (30,3%) cao hơn nữ giới (19,4%). Các yếu tố như giới tính, trình độ học vấn, hoàn cảnh sống, bệnh kèm, kiến thức về bệnh tăng huyết áp, nhận thức về bệnh tăng huyết áp, và niềm tin về sử dụng thuốc điều trị có liên quan đến sự tuân thủ điều trị của bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ tuân thủ điều trị của BN THA tại một số trạm y tế tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế còn thấp, trong đó nam giới cao hơn nữ giới. Bệnh nhân có tổng số điểm trung bình kiến thức, và nhận thức về bệnh tăng huyết áp lớn hơn, sẽ tăng tuân thủ điều trị tốt hơn. Từ khóa: Tăng huyết áp, tuân thủ điều trị, kiến thức, nhận thức. ABSTRACT Investigating the medication adherence and its related factors among hypertensive patients in the commune health centers in Thua Thien Hue province Ho Anh Hien1, Le Ho Thi Quynh Anh1, Vo Duc Toan1, Duong Quang Tuan1, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen1, Hoang Anh Tien2, Nguyen Minh Tam1 Background: Hypertension has been an important issue in public health in Vietnam. The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was nearly 50% among the hypertensive population in Vietnam. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of medication adherence and its associated factors among patients with hypertension in the commune health centers in Thua Thien Hue Province. Methods: The study was a cross - sectional survey in which sociodemographic characteristics, hypertension risk factors, the eight - item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS - 8), the hypertension knowledge - level scale (HK - LS), the brief Illness Perception of hypertension, and the beliefs about hypertension medication were measured and explored in terms of their relationship with medication adherence. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The data were then analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 279 patients participated in the survey
24,0% (30,3% in men and 19,4% in women) were adherent to their hypertension medication. The factors significantly associated with better medication adherence were gender, educational status, family background, comorbidity, knowledge about hypertension, illness perception of hypertension, and beliefs about hypertension medication. Conclusion: The rate of treatment adherence of hypertensive patients at some health stations in Thua Thien Hue province is still low, of which men are higher than women. Patients with a greater mean score of knowledge, and awareness of hypertension, will have better adherence to treatment.

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