With the great demand for the exploitation and use of water resources today, Viet Nam is facing many challenges. Consequently, legislation on water resources and several laws related to managing and protecting water resources must soon be updated, amended, and supplemented. In particular, ensuring water security is an issue that requires synchronous mechanisms and policies to solve, improve the initiative in water resources and ensure the safety of water supply for daily life and essential needs of the people at the highest level in all situations.