Tác động của chương trình 135 đến sinh kế người đồng bào dân tộc thiểu số huyện Kong Chro, tỉnh Gia Lai

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Tác giả: Thị Hoàng Điệp Nguyễn, Thị Kim Tiên Nguyễn, Thị Trinh Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Tây Nguyên, 2023

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Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 346796

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Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia 135 giai đoạn IV (2016 - 2020) đã mang lại hiệu quả cải thiện sinh kế cho hộ DTTS tại huyện Kông Chro tỉnh Gia Lai. Thông qua kết quả phỏng vấn 100 hộ DTTS nằm trong vùng hưởng thụ của chương trình, nghiên cứu đã thực hiện kiểm định so sánh khác biệt trung bình trước và sau khi có chương trình 135 giai đoạn IV về 5 nguồn vốn sinh kế: nguồn vốn tự nhiên, nguồn vốn vật chất, nguồn vốn tài chính, nguồn vốn nhân lực và nguồn vốn xã hội. Kết quả kiểm định nghiên cứu cho thấy 5 nguồn vốn sinh kế này đều có sự thay đổi giữa trước và sau chương trình 135 giai đoạn IV. Thứ nhất, đối với nguồn vốn tự nhiên, diện tích đất canh tác tăng lên, khoảng cách từ nhà đến chợ ngắn hơn. Thứ hai, nguồn vốn con người, trình độ học vấn tăng lên và số người DTTS tham gia học nghề tăng lên. Thứ ba, nguồn vốn vật chất thì có các tài sản sản xuất, tài sản tiêu dùng và tài sản vật nuôi đều tăng lên về giá trị trung bình. Thứ tư, nguồn vốn xã hội thì số người tham gia tổ chức xã hội cũng tăng lên đáng kể. Cuối cùng, nguồn vốn tài chính thì chỉ ra rằng mức thu nhập trung bình của người DTTS sau khi có chương trình là 18,22 triệu đồng/năm cao hơn mức 11,3 triệu đồng/năm trước đây. Tuy nhiên, với mức thu nhập hiện tại là khá thấp thì hộ DTTS tại huyện Kông Chro tỉnh Gia Lai vẫn cần sự hỗ trợ của Đảng và Nhà nước trong tương lai để cải thiện sinh kế tốt hơn nữa.The National Target Program 135 Phase IV (2016-2020) has effectively improved the livelihoods of ethnic minority households in Kong Chro district, Gia Lai province. Through the results of interviews with 100 ethnic minority households located in the beneficiary areas of the program, the researcher has carried out a comparative test of the average difference before and after the 135 program on five livelihood assets: assets. natural, physical, financial, human and social assets. The results of research testing show that five sources of livelihood capital have changed between before and after the program 135 phase IV. Firstly, for natural capital, the arable land area increases, the distance from the house to the market is shorter. Secondly, human capital, educational attainment increased and the number of ethnic minorities participating in vocational training increased. Thirdly, for physical capital, productive assets, consumer assets, and temple livestock assets gradually increase in value on average. Fourthly, social capital, the number of people participating in social organizations also increased significantly. Finally, financial capital indicates that the average income of ethnic minority after the project is 18.22 million VND/year higher than 11.3 million VND/year before. However, the current income level is low, ethnic minority households in Krong Chro district, Gia Lai province still need supporting from the Party and State in the future to improve their livelihoods even better.

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