NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ TẠO MÀNG SỢI NANO CHITOSAN/POLY VINYL ALCOHOL ỨNG DỤNG LOẠI BỎ ION KIM LOẠI NẶNG TRONG NƯỚC=STUDY ON FABRICATION OF CHITOSAN/POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL) NANOFIBER MATS FOR HEAVY METAL ION REMOVAL IN WATER

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Tác giả: Thị Phương Thu Nguyễn, Thị Thu Thuy Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học & Công nghệ - Đại học Công nghiệp Hà Nội, 2018

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ID: 350628

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Adsorption is an effective method which is widely used for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions in an aqueous solution. The purpose of this research is fabrication of Chitosan/Poly (vinyl alcohol) (CS/PVA) nanofiber mats as an adsorbent for removing Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions. CS/PVA nanofiber mats were fabricated by electrospinning mixture of 6 %wt CS solution in acetic acid and 12 wt% PVA solution in water with ratio of 3/7 of CS/PVA. The electrospinning conditions were voltage of 18 kV, feed rate of 0.5 ml/h, distance between the needle tip and collector of 13 cm. The prepared nanofiber mats were stabilized by glutaraldehyde vapor. The diameter of nanofibers was in the range f-rom 170 nm to 305 nm. Chemical c-haracteristics of nanofiber mats before and after stablizing by glutaraldehyde vapor were examined by IR. The tensile strength and strain of CS/PVA nanofiber mat were 3.05 N/mm2 và 77.02 %, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of nanofiber mat was 39.5 mg/g for Cu2+ and 40.9 mg/g for Pb2+. The CS/PVA nanofiber mat was also used for heavy metal removal of waste water of electroplating manufactory. As the result, the concentration of Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+ và Cr3+ ions in waste water significantly reduced after treating by CS/PVA nanofiber mat.Hấp phụ là một trong các phương pháp có hiệu quả để loại bỏ các kim loại nặng trong nước được sử dụng phổ biến hiện nay. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là chế tạo màng sợi nano chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) để hấp phụ các ion kim loại nặng Cu2+ và Pb2+ trong nước. Màng sợi CS/PVA được chế tạo bằng phương pháp kéo sợi điện trường quay (electrospinning) từ hỗn hợp của dung dịch CS 6% khối lượng trong acid acetic và dung dịch PVA 12% khối lượng trong nước theo tỉ lệ dung dịch CS/PVA là 3/7. Điều kiện chế tạo sợi là điện áp 18kV, tốc độ cấp liệu 0,5 ml/h, khoảng cách từ đầu kim phun đến bộ thu 13 cm. Sau đó màng sợi được ổn định bằng hơi glutaraldehyde để sử dụng trong môi trường nước. Ảnh SEM của màng sợi cho thấy đường kính của sợi CS/PVA trong khoảng 170 nm đến 305 nm. Đặc trưng hóa học của màng sợi trước và sau khi ổn định bằng hơi glutaraldehyde được xác định bằng phổ hồng ngoại IR. Kết quả đo tính chất cơ lý của màng sợi CS/PVA cho thấy độ bền kéo đứt và độ dãn dài của màng đạt lần lượt là 3,05 N/mm2và 77,02%. Dung lượng hấp phụ cực đại của màng sợi đối với Cu2+ và Pb2+ lần lượt là 39,5 và 40,9 mg/g. Màng sợi cũng được sử dụng để xử lý mẫu nước thải của quá trình mạ đồng bằng Ni, Cr của công ty Cổ phần Khí cụ điện 1. Kết quả cho thấy màng sợi làm giảm đáng kể nồng độ của Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+ và Cr3+ trong nước thải, mở ra tiềm năng lớn trong ứng dụng xử lý nước thải công nghiệp.

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