Semantic nuances are particularly important in teaching Vietnamese vocabulary to foreign students, especially lexical units that are considered subtle and difficult to distinguish in the Vietnamese language. This article discusses the ameliorative and pejorative nuances of Vietnamese lexical units, while also proposing specific methods for exploiting ameliorative and pejorative nuances in teaching different kinds of lexical parts synonymsunit nouns, personal pronouns, state predicates, reduplication combinations, combinations containing high-level indicators