SINH KẾ HỘ GIA ĐÌNH DÂN TỘC TẠI CHỖ KHU VỰC BIÊN GIỚI VIỆT NAM - LÀO: THỰC TRẠNG VÀ NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ ĐẶT RA TRONG PHÁT TRIỂN BỀN VỮNG (Nghiên cứu trường hợp dân tộc Brâu ở Bờ Y, Kon Tum)=HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOODS OF LOCAL ETHNIC PEOPLE IN VIETNAM - LAO BORDER AREA: CURRENT SITUATION AND PROBLEMS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

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Tác giả: Thanh Sang Lê, Đặng Minh Thảo Nguyễn, Ngọc Toại Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học xã hội Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, 2019

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Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 350860

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After more than 30 years of Reform, the border area of Vietnam - Lao gained great achievements in economics and poverty alleviation, but facing with the degradation of natural resources and traditional livelihood space, and posing persistent challenges to sustainable development. Based on perspectives of human ecology and sustainable livelihoods, using the case study results in Bờ Y commune, Ngọc Hồi district, Kon Tum province, the paper argued that under impacts of the previous migration policies and “in-place production and settlement” policies and the rural industrialization and modernization process, the livelihood space - forest and village, community cohesion, and traditional culture of the Brâu - a local ethnic people in the Central Highlands has profoundly changed, leading to a radical shift in the mode of livelihoods. However, the quality of human resources, occupational structure, and income has not yet met the goal of sustainable livelihoods. This requires an adjustment of viewpoints and approaches in policy making and implementation, emphasizing the active and full participation of this disadvantageous and vulnerable community in related development issues. Keywords sustainable livelihood, local ethnic people, the Central Highlands, Brâu people, traditional livelihood spaceNghiên cứu trên cơ sở tiếp cận sinh thái nhân văn và sinh kế bền vững, sử dụng kết quả nghiên cứu trường hợp tại xã Bờ Y, huyện Ngọc Hồi, tỉnh Kon Tum cho thấy, dưới tác động của các chính sách di cư và định canh định cư trước đây và quá trình công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa nông thôn hiện nay, không gian sinh tồn - rừng và làng, tính cố kết cộng đồng và văn hóa truyền thống của người Brâu - một dân tộc tại chỗ Tây Nguyên đã biến đổi sâu sắc, dẫn đến sự chuyển đổi một cách căn bản phương thức sinh kế. Tuy nhiên, chất lượng nguồn nhân lực, cơ cấu nghề nghiệp và thu nhập chưa đáp ứng mục tiêu của sinh kế bền vững. Điều này đòi hỏi sự điều chỉnh về quan điểm và cách tiếp cận trong việc hoạch định và thực hiện chính sách, nhấn mạnh đến sự tham gia chủ động và đầy đủ của cộng đồng yếu thế và dễ bị tổn thương này đối với những vấn đề phát triển liên quan. Từ khóa sinh kế bền vững, dân tộc tại chỗ, Tây Nguyên, người Brâu, không gian sinh kế truyền thống

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