Kinh nghiệm thế giới trong xây dựng, chuyển giao công nghệ và vận hành hệ thống đường sắt tốc độ cao, bài học cho Việt Nam

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Tác giả: DR NGUYỄN THỊ TUYẾT DUNG

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.174

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 353069

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Đường sắt là lĩnh vực nhiều ưu thế, có vai trò quan trọng với sự phát triển kinh tế - xã hội, nhưng hiện nay là điểm nghẽn của ngành Giao thông vận tải Việt Nam, thị phần chỉ còn trên dưới 1%. Trong quy hoạch mạng lưới đường sắt 2021 - 2030, tầm nhìn đến 2050, Chính phủ đặt mục tiêu đến 2025 hoàn thành phê duyệt chủ trương đầu tư, trước 2030 khởi công đường sắt tốc độ cao Bắc - Nam (HSR). Việc xây dựng chiến lược phát triển hệ thống HSR một cách bài bản, nhất quán rất quan trọng, với những chỉ tiêu và biện pháp cụ thể để phù hợp với mục tiêu phát triển kinh tế đất nước đến năm 2030, tầm nhìn 2050. Trên thể giới, đường sắt tốc độ cao đã phát triển gần 6 thập kỷ. Việc xây dựng, vận hành đòi hỏi kinh phí khổng lồ, có nguy cơ tác động tiêu cực tới chính sách vận tải của một nước lẫn sự phát triển của ngành trong dài hạn. Vì vậy, cần có những đánh giá thấu đáo cho đầu tư xây dựng lĩnh vực này tại Việt Nam. Nội dung bài báo nhằm giới thiệu quá trình phát triển đường sắt tốc độ cao của một số nước tiêu biểu cho các nhà hoạch định chính sách, lập quy hoạch, kế hoạch và những nhà quản lý, từ đó rút ra bài học trong xây dựng, chuyển giao công nghệ và vận hành. Từ khóa: Quản lí xây dựng
đường sắt tốc độ cao
hoạch định chính sách
công nghệRailway is a field with many advantages, playing an important role in socio-economic development, but is currently a bottleneck in Vietnam's transportation industry, its market share is only around 1%. In the Railway Network Planning 2021 - 2030, vision to 2050, the government aims to complete the approval of investment policy by 2025 and start the construction of North-South highspeed rail (HSR) by 2030. Building a strategy to develop the HSR system in a methodical and consistent manner is very important, with specific targets and measures to match the country's economic development goals to 2030, with a vision to 2050. Regarding international experiences, in which HSR has been developed for nearly six decades, the construction and operation requires huge funds, causing negative impacts on transport policy of a whole country as well as its transport industry development in the long term. Therefore, it is necessary to have a thorough assessment about this topic for Vietnam. The main content of the article is to introduce the development process of HSR from case studies for policy-makers, planners, and managers, then to draw lessons in construction, technology transfer and operation. Key words: Construction management
high-speed rail
policymaking
technology.

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