Sử dụng bùn hạt hiếu khí để xử lý nước thải đô thị bằng công nghệ xử lý theo mẻ SBR

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Tác giả: THI NGOC DUNG NGUYEN, VAN DOANH PHAM, VIET NGA TRAN

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.42

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 380296

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Currently, in Vietnam only 10% - 15% of urban wastewater is collected and treated [18]. Wastewater collection systems in urban areas of Vietnam are mostly public drainage systems. Therefore, the operative parameters of water quality parameters such as COD, BOD5, T-P are much lower than those of the design [18]. Therefore, most wastewater treatment plants in Vietnam do not work as efficiently as designed. In Vietnam, many wastewater treatment technologies have been applied, but in regard to capacity, SBR technology accounts for the largest amount with 43.8% [1]. Aerobic granular sludge has been applied in batch reactors SBR since the 1970s and it has been extensively studied with different substances in the following years [2[3]. Compared with activated sludge, aerobic granular sludge has a good granular structure, high biomass retention capacity, and ability to remove more toxic compounds in wastewater [4]. Therefore, it is applied to treat domestic wastewater, wastewater from food processing plants, livestocks, industrial areas, leather processing factories, slaughter halls, breweries... [5]. It is a reliable guarantee for the studies on applying aerobic granular sludge on SBR technology to treat urban wastewater. Keywords: Water aerobic granular sludge
treat urban wastewater
SBR technology
activated sludge
biomass.Hiện nay, tại Việt Nam mới chỉ có 10% - 15% lượng nước thải đô thị được thu gom và xử lý [18]. Hệ thống thu gom nước thải tại các đô thị của Việt Nam phần lớn là hệ thống thoát nước chung. Vì vậy thông số thực tế vận hành đối với các thông số như: COD, BOD5, T-P thấp hơn nhiều so với thiết kế [18]. Điều này dẫn đến phần lớn các nhà máy xử lý nước thải tại Việt Nam làm việc không đạt hiệu quả như thiết kế. Tại Việt Nam áp dụng nhiều công nghệ xử lý nước thải (XLNT), tuy nhiên nếu tính theo công suất thì công nghệ SBR chiếm số lượng lớn nhất là 43,8% [1]. Bùn hạt hiếu khí đã được ứng dụng trong bể phản ứng theo mẻ SBR từ những năm 1970 và nó đã được nghiên cứu sâu rộng trong những năm sau đó với các chất nền khác nhau [2] [3]. So với bùn hoạt tính thông thường bùn hạt hiếu khí có kết cấu hạt tốt, có khả năng duy trì sinh khối cao, và có thể xử lý các hợp chất độc hại có trong nước thải [4]. Vì vậy mà nó được ứng dụng để xử lý nước thải sinh hoạt, nước thải của các nhà máy chế biến thực phẩm, nước thải chăn nuôi, nước thải công nghiệp, nước thải nhà máy thuộc da, nước thải lò mổ, nước thải nhà máy sản xuất rượu bia [5]… Đó là sự đảm bảo tin cậy cho những nghiên cứu ứng dụng bùn hạt hiếu khí bằng công nghệ xử lý theo mẻ (SBR) để xử lý nước thải đô thị. Từ khóa: Bùn hạt hiếu khí
xử lý nước thải đô thị
công nghệ SBR
bùn hoạt tính
sinh khối

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