Sử dụng phương pháp SAW khi lựa chọn gạch xây tường

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Tác giả: THI TUYET DUNG NGUYEN, LINH BUI QUANG, KHANH VAN HOANG THI, NAM NGUYEN TIEN

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.119

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 380311

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Gạch xây tường là một trong những vật liệu chính tạo nên kết cấu tường bao che và ngăn cách các khu vực không gian trong ngoài nhà. Ngoài chức năng bao che, gạch xây tường còn đảm nhận nhiệm vụ chống thấm, cách âm, cách nhiệt... Hiện nay, gạch xây tường rất đa dạng, phong phú về chủng loại, kích thước, cường độ, nguồn gốc vật liệu và quy trình sản xuất...Tuy nhiên, chúng thường được phân loại thành hai nhóm chính bao gồm: gạch nung và gạch không nung (một số loại gạch phổ biến trên thị trường hiện nay: gạch đặc nung, gạch rỗng nung, gạch bê tông khí chưng áp (AAC), gạch silicat và gạch bê tông nhẹ). Việc lựa chọn gạch xây tường làm kết cấu bao che cho công trình sẽ ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến các yếu tố như là: tải trọng tĩnh, khả năng cách âm, cách nhiệt, giá thành, thời gian thi công, giải pháp kết cấu và chiều sâu móng...Do đó cần phải tính toán, đánh giá và lựa chọn gạch xây tường trên quan điểm kinh tế - kỹ thuật. Hiện nay, có rất nhiều phương pháp ra quyết định đa mục tiêu để lựa chọn một phương án thỏa mãn các tiêu chí cho trước. Bài báo giới thiệu kết quả tính toán, đánh giá và lựa chọn gạch xây tường theo phương pháp SAW với bộ tiêu chí: tải trọng tĩnh, tổng nhiệt trở, thời gian thi công, giá thành và tính thân thiện với môi trường. Kết quả tính toán và so sánh cho thấy, gạch bê tông khí chưng áp (ACC) với các ưu điểm nổi bật như là trọng lượng nhẹ, hệ số dẫn nhiệt thấp, thân thiện với môi trường đã trở thành phương án lựa chọn tốt nhất, phù hợp nhất với mục tiêu giảm lượng tiêu thụ điện năng cho hệ thống thông gió - điều hòa của công trình và sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm hiệu quả. Từ khóa: Phân tích đa tiêu chí
phương pháp SAW
gạch đất sét nung
gạch rỗng đất sét nung
gạch bê tông
bê tông nhẹ - gạch bê tông khí chưng áp (ACC)
Gạch silicat canxi.Wall bricks are a fundamental component of wall structures that provide coverage and separation between indoor and outdoor spaces. In addition to their covering function, wall bricks also serve as waterproofing, soundproofing, and heat insulation agents. Nowadays, wall bricks come in a wide variety of types, sizes, strengths, and materials, each with its own unique production process. Bricks are typically divided into two primary categories: fired bricks, which include burnt solid bricks and fired hollow bricks, and unburnt bricks, which include autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, silicate blocks, and lightweight concrete blocks. Wall bricks have a significant impact on various factors such as static load, soundproofing, heat insulation, cost, construction time, and structural solutions, including foundation depth. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate and select wall bricks from an economic-technical standpoint. There are many multiobjective decision-making methods available to choose an option that satisfies given criteria. The article introduces the results of calculation, evaluation, and selection of wall bricks using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method with a set of criteria: static load, total thermal resistance, construction time, price, and environmental friendliness. Calculation and comparison results show that autoclaved aerated concrete (ACC) blocks are a good choice due to their outstanding advantages such as light weight, low thermal conductivity, and environmental friendliness. They are most suitable for the goal of reducing power consumption for the building’s ventilation and air conditioning system and using energy effectively. Keywords: Multi criteria analysis
method SAW
solid clay bricks
hollow clay bricks
concrete brick
lightweight concrete - autoclaved aerated concrete bricks (ACC)
Calcium silicate bricks.

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