This study aims to examine peer-to-peer lending, a novel practice in the 4.0 era. Recently, peer–to–peer lending has acquired widespread popularity and the interest of numerous scientists. With the advent of cutting-edge technology, "online peer-to-peer lending" now refers to the loan agreements between individuals on online platforms. In the meantime, financial institutions are viewed as required legal intermediaries. This study focuses primarily on providing an overview of the P2P markets on a global scale and from Vietnam's perspective to draw conclusions and make recommendations for this new digital financial intermediation. Citation this article (Dang et al., 2023) Dang, T. T. H., Tran, T. H. V., & Ngo, H. H. (2023). P2P LENDING, A NEW DIGITAL FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY IN THE 4.0 ERA-LESSONS FOR VIETNAM. Hoa Sen University Journal of Science, 02, 10–20. https://vjol.info.vn/index.php/dhs/article/view/92854