Nghiên cứu xử lý vỏ cà phê thành giá thể hữu cơ

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Kiểm nghiệm và An toàn thực phẩm, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.24-34

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ID: 380897

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Để xử lý vỏ cà phê thành giá thể hữu cơ, trong nghiên cứu này 03 chủng vi sinh vật hữu ích (có năng lực phân giải hợp chất hữu cơ, cố định nitơ, sinh IAA (Indole 3- acetic acid) từ nguồn vỏ cà phê đã được phân lập, tuyển chọn và định tên là Bacillus thuringiensis CF2, Bacillus subtilis CF4 và 01 chủng nấm Cladosporium tenuissimum CF17. Các chủng đã được nghiên cứu lên men để tạo hỗn hợp sinh khối. Hai chủng CF2 và CF4 sau 20 giờ lên men sinh khối với OD600 đạt 2,4 đến 2,5 và chủng CF17 sau 7 ngày lên men thu 28,7 g/L sinh khối ướt. Hỗn hợp sinh khối của ba chủng với tỷ lệ thể tích 1:1:1 (v/v/v) được trộn với nguyên liệu vỏ cà phê khô với công thức phối trộn phù hợp là 500 mL dịch sinh khối với 20 kg vỏ cà phê khô và ủ trong 8 tuần. Chất lượng của giá thể từ chất thải vỏ cà phê được kiểm nghiệm cho thấy các chỉ tiêu đều đạt chất lượng của giá thể hữu cơ quy định tại TCVN 7185 - 2002. Hiệu quả khi sử dụng giá thể này để trồng rau mầm cho kết quả rất tốt, trọng lượng rau mầm thu được khi gieo trên giá thể từ vỏ cà phê đạt 69,7 gam trong khi đạt 43,2 gam khi gieo trên giá thể thương mại ở cùng diện tích 30 cm2.The aim of this study was to identify the biodegradation abilities of some indigenous microorganisms applied in coffee husk treatment into organic substrates. There were three useful strains in coffee husks that were isolated and identified as Bacillus thuringiensis CF2, Bacillus subtilis CF4, and 01 fungal strain Cladosporium tenuissimum CF17. The biodegradation diversity of organic compounds in coffee husks as well as nitrogen fixation and 3- Indol acetic acid (IAA) production of those strains were tested. The biomass of three strains also were collected from fermentation broth and mixed into biomass solution with 1:1:1 (v/v/v) proportion in volume and then were incubated with dry coffee husks. The results showed that the most effective incubation formula is mixing 500 mL of the biomass solution mixture with 20 kg of dry coffee husks for 8 weeks. The quality of the substrates from coffee husk waste after 08 weeks of incubation is shown through a number of indicators meeting the quality of organic substrates specified in TCVN 7185: 2002 and testing the quality of the substrates. The organic substrates from coffee husks were used to grow sprouts and accessed. The weight of sprouts obtained when sowing on coffee husk substrates reached 69.7 grams while it reached 43.2 grams on a commercial substrate in the same area of 30 cm2.

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