Essential oil of Piper lolot leaves in Quang Nam-Da Nang do obtain via the steam distillation method with oil collection efficiency reaching 0.68%. The chemical components of the essential oil from Piper lolot leaves in Quang Nam-Da Nang are determined via the GC-MS method that includes 20 compositions (99.97%), among which the main compositions are myristicin (72.70%), asarone (5.16%), β-bisabolene (3.59%), γ-asarone (3.52%), caryophyllene (2.63%), and α-copaene (1.93%). The essential oil of Piper lolot leaves in Quang Nam-Da Nang also showed potent anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with IC50 (µg/mL) = 28.72±2.80 compared to galantamine (a positive control) and essential oils, extract from Piper species.