From a general viewpoint, sustainable development depends on the quality of human resources. A country cannot obtain development, if its population health is not good and the country does not satisfy economic, educational, and medical requirements. Population health is very important to the socio-economic development in every country. It is a fundamental human right and a crucial factor affecting directly human development. In this paper, the author describes his study on human development from the medical and health care perspectives, focusing on analysing and explaining the positive roles played by the State policies on health care in improving health care index (HCI) specifically and human development index (HDI) generally.