Looking back on 40 years of economic development associated with social development in China in the process of reform and opening up, the paper discusses that the first phase of the process until the early 2000s when the Party and the Government of China paid due attention to prioritise growth and economic development at all costs, disregarding social development. In the period from the early 2000s to date, the Party and the Government of China have focused both on economic development and social development. However, to solve the social problems that arise in the transition from a centrally planned economy to a Chinese socialist market economy, progressing towards mutual wealth and prosperity2, is a long and arduous process.