Ảnh hưởng của cách cho ăn đến năng suất và hiệu quả kinh tế trong chăn nuôi gà Nòi chuồng hở

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Tác giả: Thị Thủy Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học kỹ thuật chăn nuôi 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 56 - 60

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 392775

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Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Thí nghiệm (TN) được thực hiện để đánh giá việc cho ăn tự do (liên tục) hay định mức (theo giờ) trong quy trình nuôi dưỡng ảnh hưởng đến sinh trưởng, hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn và hiệu quả kinh tế nuôi gà Nòi trong chuồng hở quy mô nông hộ tại Bến Tre với 3 nghiệm thức (NT): 1. TD: gà được cho ăn tự do (trong máng luôn có thức ăn)
2. TG: gà được cho ăn định mức theo giờ (cách 8h cho ăn)
3. TGP: gà được cho ăn định mức theo giờ và có bổ sung premix khoáng vào nước uống (1g/l). Tổng số 1.170 con, tỷ lệ trống/mái 1:1, 5 tuần tuổi, được bố trí vào 3 NT cho mỗi giới tính, 3 lần lặp lại với 65 con gà /ô chuồng như một đơn vị TN, tổng 18 ô chuồng được bố trí trong TN. Kết quả cho thấy những gà ở nghiệm thức TD có xu hướng cho tăng khối lượng tốt hơn, tuy nhiên hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn lại cao hơn ở các NT còn lại. Cụ thể khối lượng cuối của gà cao nhất ở TD (1.446,7 g/con), tiếp theo là TGP (1.433,1 g/con) và thấp nhất ở TG (1432,4 g/con), tuy nhiên không có sự khác biệt đáng kể về mức tăng khối lượng trung bình hàng ngày (TKL) của gà ở tất cả các NT. Lượng thức ăn tiêu thụ (TTTA) của gà ở TD (63,21 g/con/ngày) cao hơn TG (59,25 g/con/ngày) và TGP (58,48 g/con/ngày). Do đó, dẫn đến hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn (FCR) của gà ở TD (3,22kg TA/ kg TKL) cao hơn so với gà ở TG (3,07kg TA/kg TKL) và TGP (3,02kg TA/kg TKL), sự khác nhau là có ý nghĩa thống kê. Do đó dẫn đến cải thiện hiệu quả kinh tế của việc nuôi gà ở TG và TGP cao hơn khoảng 3% so với nuôi gà ở TD. Xét về giới tính, mặc dù gà trống có khối lượng cuối cao hơn khoảng 300g/con so với gà mái, lượng TTTA và TKL con trống cũng cao hơn mái, nhưng không có sự khác nhau về hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn. Nhưng nuôi con trống thì cho hiệu quả kinh tế cao hơn nuôi con mái đến 20%. Tóm lại, khi nuôi gà Nòi Bến Tre giai đoạn tăng trưởng thì việc cho ăn định mức theo giờ, hoặc cho ăn theo giờ có bổ sung premix khoáng vào nước uống sẽ cải thiện hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn và tăng hiệu quả kinh tế hơn khoảng 3% so với cho ăn tự do. Và nuôi gà trống riêng có hiệu quả kinh tế cao hơn 20% so với nuôi gà mái riêng., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of free-feeding (ad-libitum) or hourly-feeding (every 8hrs) in the rearing process on growth and economic efficiency of growing Noi chickens. A total of 1,170 Ben Tre Noi chickens (585 males and 585 females) at 5 weeks' old was allocated in a 3x2 factorial randomized design with 3 treatments, 2 sexes, 3 replications with 65 chickens/pen as an experimental unit. The 3 treatments were (1) TD: Free-feeding diet (Chickens were fed freely)
(2) TG: Hourly-feeding (Chickens were fed every 8hrs)
(3) TGP: Hourly -feeding with Premix vitamin 1g/l of drinking water. Results showed that chickens in TD treatment tended to have better final body weight gain, but the feed conversion ratio was improved in the TG and TGP treatments. Specifically, the final weight of chickens was highest in TD (1,446.7g), followed by TGP (1,433.1g) and lowest in TG (1,432.4g), with P>
0.05. Feed intake (FI) of chickens in TD (63.21 g/ head/day) was higher than TG (59.25 g/head/day) and TGP (58.48 g/head/day). Therefore, the FCR of chickens in TD (3.22 kg/kg) was higher than that of chickens in TG (3.07 kg/kg) and TGP (3.02 kg/kg). These results lead to an improvement in the economic efficiency around 3% of chickens inTG and TGP compared to TD treatment. When rasing male and female separately, the final weight of the male chickens was about 300g/head higher than female chickens, and there were higher FI and ADG of the males to compare with that of the females, but there was no difference in the feed conversion ratio. Raising male chickens get 20% higher of economic efficiency than raising female chickens. In summary, raising Noi chickens with hourly- feeding or with premix vitamin supplementation in drinking water improved feed conversion ratio and increases 3% economic efficiency compared to free-feeding rasing. And raising male chickens separately increased around 20% more economic efficiency than raising females.

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