Đặc điểm lâm sàng và nguyên nhân gây nhiễm trùng qua đường tình dục (STI) ở nam giới tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội

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Tác giả: Hoài Bắc Nguyễn, Văn Kiên Trần

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 613 Personal health and safety

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Nghiên cứu y học (Đại học Y Hà Nội) 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 32-40

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 395088

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Nhằm cung cấp những dữ liệu về đặc điểm lâm sàng và nguyên nhân các nhiễm trùng qua đường tình dục (STI) ở nam giới tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội, chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 1.251 người bệnh mắc STI từ tháng 9/2018 đến tháng 10/2020. Kết quả cho thấy người bệnh mắc STI chủ yếu nằm trong độ tuổi 20 - 30, chiếm tỷ lệ 41,6%. Hai ngành nghề chiếm tỉ lệ cao trong nghiên cứu là lao động tự do và ngành dịch vụ chiếm 44,8% và 37,5% Hai nhóm đối tác tình dục chiếm tỉ lệ cao trong nhóm nghiên cứu là người bán dâm (69%) và đồng giới (4,3%). Ngoài ra, các đối tác không ổn định (bạn bè quen biết) cũng chiếm tỉ lệ 13,1%. Không dùng bao cao su và quan hệ qua đường miệng là hai hành vi tình dục chiếm tỉ lệ cao trong nhóm nghiên cứu, tương ứng chiếm 84,2% và 71,8%. Triệu chứng lâm sàng chủ yếu của các STI là triệu chứng tiểu tiện và triệu chứng tiết dịch (32,1%), khoảng 14,6% người bệnh có đồng thời cả ba loại triệu chứng (triệu chứng dương vật, triệu chứng tiểu tiện và triệu chứng tiết dịch). Có khoảng 14,7% các trường hợp nhiễm trùng qua đường tình dục hoàn toàn không có triệu chứng. Tác nhân Chlamydia có tỷ lệ cao nhất chiếm 30,46%, tiếp theo là Gardnerella 20,14%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 17,9%, Mycoplasma genitalium 15,03%, Ureaplasma parvum 13,43%. Tỷ lệ đồng nhiễm đa tác nhân STI chiếm 60,9%. Chính vì vậy, việc giáo dục giới tính, tuyên truyền về tình dục an toàn và chung thủy là rất quan trọng đối với sức khỏe cộng đồng trong công tác phòng tránh và giảm thiểu các bệnh lây nhiễm qua đường tình dục., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, In order to provide data on clinical characteristics and the etiology of STIs at Hanoi Medical University Hospital, we conducted a retrospective observational study on 1251 men with confirmed STI. Our results showed that patients with STIs were predominantly in the 20 - 30 age group representing 41.6% of all patients. The subjects' major occupations were manual labour and services. Partners who transmit STIs were generally sex workers representing 69% and patients having homosexual intercourses took up 15.2%. 82.4% of the subjects did not use condoms when having sex with their partners and 71.8% of patients had oral sex. The most common symptoms were both dysuria and discharged from the urethra, which covered 32.1% of all subjects. About 14.6% of the patients presented with all 3 symptoms (penile pain, urethral discharge and dysuria) and only 14.7% of the patients were asymptomatic. The majority of patients was infected with Chlamydia, constituting 30.46%, followed by Gardnerella (20.14%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (17.9%), Mycoplasma genitalium (15.03%) and Ureaplasma parvum (13.43%). 60.9% had multiple co-infection. Therefore, sex education and propaganda about safe sexual intercourse and faithfulness are very important to prevent and reduce the rate of sexually transmitted diseases.

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