Điều trị tăng sắc tố nướu bằng laser diode

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Tác giả: Thị Tín Nguyễn, Anh Chi Phan

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 617.6 Dentistry

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học lâm sàng - Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế 2023

Mô tả vật lý: 50-55

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 397756

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Tăng sắc tố nướu là là sự gia tăng sắc tố vượt quá mức bình thường của niêm mạc nướu, mà chủ yếu là do tăng sắc tố melanin. Đây là một tình trạng sinh lý không phải bệnh lý, nhưng gây ảnh hưởng nhiều đến thẩm mỹ và tâm lý của người bệnh, nhất là những bệnh nhân có nụ cười hở nướu hoặc lộ nướu quá mức. Điều trị tăng sắc tố nướu bằng laser Diode có những ưu điểm như dễ dàng thao, thời gian điều trị ngắn, tổn thương nhiệt tối thiểu, có tác dụng cầm máu, hạn chế đau, viêm nhiễm sau phẫu thuật. Do đó, nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị tăng sắc tố nướu bằng Laser Diode có những ưu điểm như dễ dàng thao tác. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Tiến cứu 15 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán xác định tăng sắc tố nướu và được điều trị bằng Laser Diode tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Huế từ 01/2022 đến 03/2023. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ chảy máu ngay sau điều trị: 40% chảy máu nhẹ, 60% không chảy máu
tỷ lệ chảy máu sau 1 tuần: 6,67% chảy máu nhẹ, 93,3% không chảy máu, không có trường hợp nào còn chảy máu sau 1 tháng. Chỉ có 01 trường hợp sưng tấy sau khi điều trị, không có tình trạng sưng tấy sau 1 tuần và sau 1 tháng. Tỷ lệ cơn đau nhẹ trong và ngay sau thủ thuật: 93,33% và 73,33%, sau 1 tuần tỷ lệ than phiền về cơn đau nhẹ: 20% và sau 1 tháng không còn triệu chứng đau ở tất cả các bệnh nhân (p <
0,01). Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về sự thay đổi màu đỏ đối với hemoglobin R (p >
0,05) trước và sau điều trị, trong khi, có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về màu xanh lục đối với tế bào chất G (p <
0,05), và màu xanh lam đối với thành phần melanin B (p <
0,01). Mức độ giảm diện tích tăng sắc tố nướu sau điều trị rất tốt (93,33%) và tốt (6,67%). Kết luận: Laser Diode bước sóng 445nm là một phương thức điều trị an toàn và hiệu quả, mang lại tính thẩm mỹ tối ưu với mức độ khó chịu tối thiểu ở bệnh nhân tăng sắc tố nướu., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Gingival hyperpigmentation is an increase in pigmentation beyond normal levels of the gingival mucosa, which is primarily due to increased melanin pigmentation. This is a physiological condition, not a pathology, but greatly affects the aesthetics and psychology of the patient, especially patients with a gummy smile or excessive gum exposure. Treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation by diode laser has advantages such as easy manipulation of gingival reshaping, short treatment time, minimal heat damage, hemostatic effect, and less complications such as painand inflammation. Infection after surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the results of treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation by Diode Laser. Methods: Prospective description on 15 patients diagnosed with gingival hyperpigmentation and treated with Diode Laser at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 01/2022 to 03/3023. Results: The bleeding rate after treatment: 40% mild bleeding, 60% no bleeding and the bleeding rate after 1 week: 6.67% mild bleeding, 93.3% no bleeding, no cases left bleeding after 1 month. There was only 1 case of mild swelling and pain immediately after treatment, no patient had any swelling or pain after 1 week and 1 month. The rate of mild pain during and immediately after the procedure: 93.33% and 73.33%, after 1 week the rate of complaints about mild pain: 20% and after 1 month no pain symptoms in all patients (p <
0.01). The degree of reduction in the area of gingival hyperpigmentation after treatment was also evaluated very well (93.33%) and good (6.67%). There was no statistically significant difference for the red change for hemoglobin R (>
0,05) before and after procedure , whereas, there was a statistically significant difference for green for cytoplasmic G (>
0,05), and for blue color for the melanin component B (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The use of a 445 nm Diode Laser was shown to be a safe and effective treatment modality that provides optimal aesthetics with minimal discomfort in patients with gingival hyperpigmentation.

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