Nhân giống Dẻ Trùng Khánh (Castanea mollissima Blume) bằng phương pháp ghép

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Hải Đăng Đinh, Thanh Hải Lại, Hoàng Quý Trần, Văn Chưởng Vi

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 576.5 Genetics

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn , 2020

Mô tả vật lý: 54 - 60

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 397999

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Dẻ Trùng Khánh (Castanea mollissima Blume) là một loài Dẻ ăn hạt, đặc sản của vùng cao rất nổi tiếng ở huyện Trùng Khánh, tỉnh Cao Bằng. Trong 3 năm thực hiện đề tài cấp tỉnh "Nghiên cứu khai thác và phát triển nguồn gen cây Dẻ Trùng Khánh (Castanea mollissima Blume) tại tỉnh Cao Bằng" đã tuyển chọn được 35 cây Dẻ ở huyện Trùng Khánh đủ tiêu chuẩn cây trội dự tuyển về sản lượng, độ vượt trội về D1,3 đạt 15% đến 258,2%, vượt trội Hvn đạt 16,7 đến 70%, vượt trội về sản lượng trong 3 năm gần nhất đạt 19 đến 89,4% và được chọn để lấy vật liệu ghép. Trong 3 phương pháp ghép được thử nghiệm (ghép nêm, ghép áp, ghép mắt) phương pháp ghép nêm cho tỷ lệ thành cây cao nhất (83%), sinh trưởng của chồi cũng tốt hơn 2 phương pháp ghép còn lại, cách tiến hành dễ dàng hơn. Nên áp dụng rộng rãi phương pháp ghép nêm để nhân giống Dẻ Trùng Khánh. Thời vụ ghép cũng ảnh hưởng tới tỷ lệ sống và tỷ lệ bật chồi ở cành ghép. Kết quả cho thấy sau 30 ngày ghép, tỷ lệ ghép sống là 71% (tháng 3 - 5)
68% (tháng 6 - 7)
85% (tháng 8 - 11)
91% (tháng 12 - 3). Sau 60 ngày, tỷ lệ sống của cành ghép giảm mạnh, đạt cao nhất 78% vào tháng 12 - 2
sau đó đến tháng 8 - 11 (74%)
tháng 3 - 5 (47%) và thấp nhất là tháng 6 - 7 (35%). Nên ghép Dẻ Trùng Khánh vào vụ xuân. Tỷ lệ bật chồi của cành ghép ở 4 mùa vụ trong 20 ngày ở tháng 3 - 5 là 21%
tháng 6 - 7 là 17%
tháng 8 - 11 là 21%
tháng 12 - 2 là 31%. Sang 30 ngày, cành bật chồi tăng mạnh, đạt 85% ở tháng 12 - 3, 83% ở tháng 8 - 11
47% ở tháng 3 - 5
27% ở tháng 6 - 7. Số liệu thu thập sau 60 ngày cho thấy tỷ lệ sống và tỷ lệ bật chồi ở tháng 3 - 5 là 47%
tháng 6 - 7 là 35%
tháng 8 - 11 là 74%
tháng 12 - 2 là 78%. Điều này chỉ ra rằng ghép Dẻ Trùng Khánh vào tháng 12 - 2 và tháng 8 - 11 tỏ ra ưu việt hơn so với ghép vào tháng 3 - 5 và tháng 6 - 7, Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Castanea mollissima Blume is a very famous upland specialty of Trung Khanh district, Cao Bang province. During 3 years of implementing the provincial project "Research on exploiting and developing genetic resources of Castanea mollissima Blume in Cao Bang province", we have recruited 35 individuals in Trung Khanh district to meet the yield criteria for plus tree selection, the superiority of D1.3 reached 15% to 258.2%, the superiority of Hvn reached 16.7 to 70% , the superiority of yield in the last 3 years reached 19 to 89.4% and being selected for grafting materials. Of the 3 grafting methods tested (Cleft Grafting, Whip Grafting, Stub Grafting), the Cleft grafting had the highest tree success rate (83%), bud growth was better and the process was easier than the other 2 grafting methods. This method should be widely applied to propagate Castanea mollissima Blume. Grafting season also affects survival rate and bud growth rate of scion. In this study, the result showed that after 30 days of grafting, the survival rate of Castanea mollissima Blume was 71% in March - May, 68% in June - July, 85% in august - november, 91% in december - february. After 60 days, the survival rate of the graft plummeted with the highest rate at 78% in december - february then decreased to 74% in august - november
47% in march - may and the lowest at 35% in june - july. Castanea mollissima Blume should be transplanted in the spring crop. The rate of shoot buds of scion branches in 4 crops in 20 days was 21% in march - may
17% in june - july
21% in august - november
31% in december - february. After 30 days, this rate increased sharply to 85% in december - february, 83% in august - november
47% in march - may and 27% in june - july. The data collected after 60 days showed that survival and shoot budding rates was 47% in march - may
35% in june - july
74% in august - november
78% in december - february. This indicated that Castanea mollissima Blume transplant in december - february and august - november proved to be superior to that of march - may and june - july.

Tạo bộ sưu tập với mã QR