Nghiên cứu quản lý chất thải rắn xây dựng tại Hà Nội theo định hướng kinh tế tuần hoàn

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Tác giả: Thu Huyền Nguyễn, Kim Hạnh Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 363.7 Environmental problems

Thông tin xuất bản: Môi trường 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 45358

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 399037

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Theo kết quả khảo sát, khối lượng tiếp nhận, xử lý tái chế chất thải rắn xây dựng (CTRXD) của Hà Nội đạt 1.350 tấn/ngày trong khi kết quả tính toán cho thấy thực tế lượng CTRXD phát sinh ước tính 4.186 tấn/ngày, đêm (ngđ) năm 2021 và dự báo đạt 9.431 tấn/ngđ vào năm 2025. CTRXD phát sinh sau khi phá dỡ, cải tạo một phần được thu gom vận chuyển đến các bãi chôn lấp theo quy định và một phần không nhỏ bị đổ trộm, đổ không đúng nơi quy định gây mất mỹ quan đô thị và ô nhiễm môi trường (ÔNMT). Do vậy, cần có các giải pháp để đảm bảo thu gom, xử lý triệt để lượng CTRXD phát sinh. Việc áp dụng các biện pháp tái chế, tái sử dụng chất thải xây dựng là một biện pháp phù hợp với định hướng kinh tế tuần hoàn (KTTH) đã được quy định trong các văn bản quy phạm pháp luật của Việt Nam. Để thực hiện điều này, cần xây dựng hệ thống văn bản hướng dẫn về công tác phá dỡ nhằm giảm thiểu lượng chất thải phát sinh, các quy định về chứng nhận độ an toàn cho các loại CTRXD có thể tái sử dụng, các cơ chế chính sách khuyến khích đầu tư cơ sở tái chế chất thải cũng cần được chú trọng. Với các cơ sở nghiền chất thải rắn (CTR) đang được hoạt động và sắp được đầu tư xây dựng, cần bổ sung thêm các công đoạn sàng phân loại, kết nối với các dây chuyền sản xuất vật liệu xây dựng (VLXD) để có thể đưa các loại CTRXD quay trở lại chu trình xây dựng., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, According to the survey results, the amount of receiving and recycling of construction waste in Hanoi reached 1,350 tons/day while the calculation results showed that the actual amount of construction waste generated was estimated at 4,186 tons/day in 2021 and was forecast to reach 9431 tons/day in 2025. Construction waste generated is partly collected and transported to landfills according to regulations and a significant part is illegally dumped or dumped not in the right place, causing loss of urban beauty and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to have solutions to ensure the collection and thorough treatment of generated construction waste. The application of measures to recycle and reuse construction waste is consistent with the circular economy orientation prescribed in the legal documents of Vietnam. To implement this, it should develop a system of guidelines on demolition to reduce waste generation, regulations on safety certification for reusable construction waste, policies to encourage investment in waste recycling facilities should also be focused. For solid waste grinding facilities that are being operated and will be invested for construction, it is necessary to add separating stages and connect with construction material manufacturing lines to bring different types of construction waste to the construction.

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