Xác định mực nước hạ thấp tối đa cho phép tại Trà Vinh

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Tác giả: Hồng Hải Đào, Việt Kỳ Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Địa Kỹ thuật 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 57-66

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 401179

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Trà Vinh là một tỉnh ven biển, nằm giữa sông Hậu và sông Cổ Chiên. Trà Vinh có điều kiện địa chất thủy văn khá thú vị khi tồn tại 7 tầng chứa nước từ Holocen đến Miocen, hiện đang tập trung khai thác nước tại các cồn cát cổ Holocen (3 ô với tổng diện tích nước ngọt khoảng 1.282km2, chiếm 57,1% của vùng phân bố tầng chứa nước) và trong tầng chứa nước Pleistocen trên (diện tích nước ngọt khoảng 1.831 km2, chiếm 79,4% diện tích phân bố tầng chứa nước). Tầng chứa nước qp2-3 có diện phân bố rộng, khả năng trữ nước dồi dào, vùng nước ngọt nhạt lớn, diện tích khoảng 1.981km2, chiếm 85,9% diện tích phân bố tầng chứa nước. Dưới Pleistocen tầng chứa nước qp1 phân bố với diện tích lớn, diện tích nước ngọt khoảng 1.322km2, chiếm 57,4% diện tích phân bố tầng chứa nước. Các tầng chứa nước Pliocen và Miocen có diện tích nước nhỏ, ít được nghiên cứu. Nước ngọt Trà Vinh phân bố tập trung chủ yếu ở vùng ven biển, sâu nội đồng về phía Vĩnh Long, nước dưới đất chủ yếu là nước lợ và mặn. Việc xác định mực nước hạ thấp tối đa cho phép đã được thực hiện đối với các tầng chứa nước Holocen và Pleistocen trên, hai tầng chứa nước Pleistocen còn lại chưa được xác định, mặc dù theo Nghị định 167/2018 / NĐ-CP, mực nước hạ thấp tối đa cho phép ở các địa phương. khu vực Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long không quá 30m tính từ mặt đất. Tuy nhiên, việc xác định mực nước lớn nhất cho phép trong các trường hợp khắc nghiệt như hạn hán, xâm nhập mặn ... buộc phải khai thác nước dưới đất sẽ giúp khắc phục một phần các trường hợp trên, trong bài báo này, chúng tôi sẽ tập trung xác định Pleistocen giữa - trên. tầng chứa nước., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Tra Vinh is a coastal province, sandwiched between the Hau and Co Chien rivers. Tra Vinh has quite interesting hydrogeological conditions when there exist 7 aquifers from Holocene to Miocene, which is currently focusing on water exploitation in the ancient sand dunes of Holocen (3 plots with total fresh water area about 1.282km2 , accounting for 57,1% of the aquifer distribution area) and in the upper Pleistocene aquifer (fresh water area is about 1.831 km2 , accounting for 79,4% of the aquifer distribution area). The aquifer qp2-3 has a wide distribution area, abundant water storage capacity, a large area of pale fresh water, an area of about 1.981km2 , accounting for 85,9% of the aquifer distribution area. Under Pleistocene aquifer qp1 is distributed with a large area, the fresh water area is about 1.322km2 , accounting for 57,4% of the aquifer distribution. Pliocene and Miocene aquifers have small, little studied water area. The distribution of fresh water in Tra Vinh is concentrated mainly in coastal areas, deep in the field towards Vinh Long, the underground water is mainly brackish and saline. The determination of the maximum allowable lowering water level has been implemented for the Holocene and Upper Pleistocene aquifers, the remaining two Pleistocene aquifers have not been determined, although according to Decree 167/2018/ND-CP, the ink maximum allowable lowering water in localities in the Mekong Delta region shall not exceed 30m from the ground. However, the determination of the maximum allowable water level in extreme cases such as drought, saline intrusion ... is forced to exploit underground water to help partially overcome the above cases, in this paper, we will focus on identifying the middle - upper Pleistocene aquifer.

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