Vai trò của chế định bồi thẩm đoàn trong các mô hình tố tụng hình sự điển hình

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Tác giả: Thị Thắm Lê, Vương Thùy Dương Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Kiểm sát, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.7

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 402606

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Bồi thẩm đoàn là chế định cho phép công dân tham gia vào quá trình xét xử ở một số quốc gia trên thế giới. Chế định này có nguồn gốc từ hệ thống pháp luật Anh và được người Norman mang tới Anh từ năm 1066 với chức năng xem xét hoạt động buộc tội cho một người có đủ cơ sở không1. Tuy nhiên, phải tới năm 1215, khi Đại Hiến chương Magna Carta ra đời, Điều 39 ghi nhận “Công dân có quyền được xét xử bởi các công dân khác theo đúng luật của xứ mình”. Bồi thẩm đoàn dần phổ biến ở các quốc gia theo dòng họ pháp luật Common law áp dụng mô hình tố tụng hình sự tranh tụng. Sau đó được lai ghép vào hệ thống tư pháp của một số quốc gia theo đuổi mô hình tố tụng thẩm vấn. Như vậy, chế định này đã thể hiện khả năng thích ứng với các nền văn hoá pháp lý, chính trị khác nhau trên thế giới. Tuy nhiên, mỗi mô hình tố tụng hình sự khác nhau sẽ tác động tới vai trò của bồi thẩm đoàn ở quốc gia đó. Bài viết bàn về vai trò của chế định bồi thẩm đoàn trong mô hình tố tụng hình sự tranh tụng và mô hình tố tụng hình sự thẩm vấn.The jury is an institution that accepts citizen participation in the trial process in some countries in the world. This institution originated from the English legal system and was brought to England by the Normans in 1066 with the function of considering whether a person’s accusation has sufficient grounds. However, it was not until 1215, when the Magna Carta was born, Article 39 stated that “Citizens have the right to be tried by other citizens in accordance with the laws of their country.” The jury gradually became more common in Common law countries that apply adversarial criminal procedure model. It was then hybridized into the judicial systems of some countries pursuing the inquisitorial procedure model. Thus, this institution has demonstrated its ability to adapt to different legal and political cultures in the world. However, each different model of criminal procedure will impact the role of the jury in that country. The article discusses the role of the jury institution in the adversarial criminal procedure model and the inquisitorial criminal procedure model.

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