Đánh giá về những giá trị dược liệu và công nghiệp từ cây điều

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Tác giả: Ngọc Kiều Trâm Nguyễn, Thị Mỹ Trâm Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học (Đại học Thủ Dầu Một) 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 52-63

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 402911

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Điều hay còn gọi là đào lộn hột, được xem là loại quả có hạt chứa rất nhiều chất dinh dưỡng bên cạnh các loại hạt phổ biến như đậu, óc chó, macca. Trong nhân điều có chứa hàm lượng lớn các chất như khoáng, acid amin, chất béo, đường và chất xơ. Đó cũng chính là lý do khiến cho loại hạt này mang nhiều giá trị về y học và ngày càng trở nên được ưa chuộng. Bên cạnh nhân điều đang chiếm ưu thế về mặt khai thác và kinh tế, các chuyên gia thuộc các ngành công nghiệp khác nhau đã và đang ra sức nghiên cứu các thành phần khác của quả nhằm tạo nên các sản phẩm phụ có giá trị cao. Phần thịt quả chứa hàm lượng vitamin C cao cùng một số chất dinh dưỡng thiết yếu do đó được ứng dụng làm nước ép, rượu, kẹo, mứt hoặc hơn thế nữa là làm nguồn cung cấp đường khử để lên men và tạo enzym trong các quy trình sản xuất. Trong lớp vỏ cứng chứa chất lỏng được gọi là dầu vỏ hạt điều với thành phần chủ yếu là acid anacardic (70%), cardol (18%) và cardanol (5%). Đây được xem là hợp chất phụ quan trọng nhất được sự quan tâm từ các ngành công nghiệp sản xuất như sản xuất keo sơn, ô tô. CNSL là một hợp chất sinh học đầy hứa hẹn có khả năng làm giảm các tác động môi trường của nhựa và ngành composite. Xác vỏ điều sau khi tách chiết CNSL được tận dụng làm nhiên liệu đốt - một lựa chọn đầy hứa hẹn do tính sẵn có rộng rãi từ các nhà máy sản xuất hạt điều và chi phí thấp, Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Cashew fruit, also known as peaches with seed outside, is considered a fruit with seeds that contain a lot of nutrients besides common nuts such as beans, walnuts, macadamia. Cashew kernels contain a large amount of substances such as minerals, amino acids, fats, sugars and fiber. That is also the reason why this seed has many medicinal values and is becoming more and more popular. In addition to the dominant cashew kernel in terms of exploitation and economy, experts from different industries have been working hard to study other components of the fruit in order to create high value by-products. The flesh of the fruit contains a high content of vitamin C and a number of essential nutrients, so it is used as a juice, wine, candy, jam or more as a source of reducing sugars for fermentation and enzyme production in foods. production process. In the hard shell contains a liquid called cashew shell oil (CNSL) with the main ingredients being anacardic acid (70%), cardol (18%) and cardanol (5%). This is considered to be the most important by-product of interest from manufacturing industries such as paint glue and automobiles. CNSL is a promising bio-compound capable of reducing the environmental impacts of plastics and the composite industry. Cashew shell after CNSL extraction is used as fuel - a promising option due to its wide availability from cashew nut factories and low cost.

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