Nghiên cứu tình hình tật khúc xạ ở học sinh 11 đến 14 tuổi tại tỉnh Sóc Trăng năm 2020

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Tác giả: Thanh Quyển Bùi, Minh Lý Lê

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Y Dược học Cần Thơ 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 83-88

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 404179

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Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Tật khúc xạ ở học sinh là vấn đề sức khỏe cộng đồng, đang gia tăng nhanh ở nhiều nước trên thế giới, trong đó có Việt Nam. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỷ lệ và một số yếu tố liên quan đến tật khúc xạ ở học sinh 11 đến 14 tuổi tại tỉnh Sóc Trăng năm 2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 3.188 học sinh từ 11 đến 14 tuổi tại 6 trường trung học cơ sở của tỉnh Sóc Trăng, từ tháng 09/2020 đến tháng 12/2020. Kết quả: Trong số 3.188 học sinh được tầm soát, có 716 học sinh được xác định mắc tật khúc xạ, tỷ lệ tật khúc xạ chung là 22,5%, trong đó cận thị là 66,48%, loạn thị 32,8% và viễn thị 0,7%
tật khúc xạ mức độ nhẹ 63%, vừa 28,9%, nặng 4,6% và rất nặng 3,5%. Tật khúc xạ cũng tăng dần theo lứa tuổi, tỷ lệ tật khúc xạ ở 11, 12, 13 và 14 tuổi lần lượt là 16,2%, 21,0%, 24,0% và 30,6%. Một số yếu tố liên quan đến tật khúc xạ gồm có: Thời gian học tập, chơi điện tử, xem truyền hình, hoạt động ngoài trời, thể dục thể thao. Học sinh có thời gian học ngoài giờ, chơi điện tử, xem truyền hình càng nhiều thì nguy cơ mắc tật khúc xạ càng cao, học sinh có thời gian hoạt động ngoài trời, thể dục thể thao càng nhiều nguy cơ mắc tật khúc xạ càng thấp. Tỷ lệ tật khúc xạ chung ở học sinh 11 đến 14 tuổi là 22,5%, do đó cần có sự quan tâm xây dựng mô hình can thiệp để phòng chống tật khúc xạ., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Refractive errors in school children is a public health problem, increasing rapidly in many countries around the world, including Vietnam. Objectives: Determine the rate and some factors related to refractive errors in secondary school children aged 11 to 14 years old in Soc Trang province in 2020. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. The study was conducted on 3.188 secondary school children aged 11 to 14 years old at 6 secondary schools in Soc Trang province from September 2020 to December 2020. Results: Among 3.188 screened students, 716 students were diagnosed with refractive errors, the overall rate was 22.5%, of which myopia accounted for the highest rate of 66.5%, followed by astigmatism 32.8% and the lowest hyperopia 0.7%
Refractive errors were mild 63%, moderate 28.9%, severe 4.6% and very severe 3.5%. Refractive errors also increased gradually with age, the rate of refractive error at 11, 12, 13 and 14 years old was 16.2%, 21.0%, 24.0% and 30.6%, respectively. Some factors related to refractive errors include: study time, playing video games, watching television, outdoor activities and sports. The more time a student spent studying outside of school, playing video games, watching television, the higher the risk of refractive errors, the more time spent outdoor activities and doing sports, the lower the risk of refractive errors. Conclusion: The overall rate of refractive errors in students 11 to 14 years old was 22.5%, it is necessary to pay attention to building intervention models to control refractive errors.

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