Chẩn đoán đột biến gen egfr trong ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ với các mẫu bệnh phẩm dịch khoang cơ thể

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Tác giả: Sơn Lam Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 616.994 +Cancers

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y Dược Thái Bình, 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 78-85

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 406145

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Dựa vào tính chất các mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể có hiện diện các mảnh DNA lơ lửng giúp thực hiện chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR. Từ nguyên lý này, chúng tôi thực hiện nghiên cứu với các mục tiêu sau: Khảo sát tỉ lệ dương tính đột biến EGFR trong các mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể
và hảo sát tỉ lệ chẩn đoán đột biến gen EGFR trong mẫu bệnh phẩm mô học đúc khối parafin với mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể trên cùng một bệnh nhân. Hồi cứu, thống kê mô tả cắt ngang. Các trường hợp ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ được chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR bằng mẫu bệnh phẩm đúc khối paraffine với Test EGFR Version 1 và mẫu bệnh phẩm dịch các khoang cơ thể (Dịch màng phổi, dịch màng tim, dịch màng bụng, dịch não tủy) với Test EGFR Version 2. Có 117 ca bệnh trong nghiên cứu: Kết quả chẩn đoán đột biến gen EGFR trên mẫu mô học đúc khối paraffine: (+) 49 ca # 41,88%, tương đương với các thống kê ở trong nước và thế giới (Châu Á). Đa số vẫn là hai loại đột biến nhạy thuốc TKIs Exon 19 Deletion và Exon 21 L858R (53% và 23%). Kết quả chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR trên các mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể: Đa số mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể thực hiện chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR là dịch màng phổi (91 ca # 77,77%). Tỉ lệ phát hiện đột biến trong mẫu dịch màng phổi và dịch não tủy cao nhất (29,67% & 83,33%). So sánh tỉ lệ phát hiện đột biến EGFR trên mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể (35 /117 ca # 29,91%) với tỉ lệ phát hiện trên mẫu mô học thấp hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê (29,91% ↔ 41,88% với P = 0,0125). So sánh với các nghiên cứu khác trên thế giới cho thấy đa số các nghiên cứu cho kết quả cao hơn so với nghiên cứu tại bệnh viện Phạm Ngọc Thạch. Khảo sát chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR trong dịch các khoang cơ thể, đặc biệt trong các mẫu dịch có quá ít tế bào ác tính, kết quả dương tính 29,91%. Tỉ lệ cao nhất trong dịch màng phổi và dịch não tủy. Tuy nhiên, khả năng phát hiện đột biến EGFR trong các dịch khoang cơ thể thấp hơn so với trên các bệnh phẩm mô học (29.91% <
41,88%). Và đô tương đồng giữa hai loại bệnh phẩm này là 71,42%. Cần nâng cao kỹ thuật thực hiện chẩn đoán đột biến EGFR trong mẫu dịch khoang cơ thể với các phương pháp có độ nhạy cao hơn: ddPCR, NGS..., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Based on the nature of the body cavity fluid samples, there is the presence of suspended DNA fragments that help to make an EGFR mutation diagnosis. From this principle, we have conducted this research with the following objectives: Investigate the positive rate of EGFR mutations in body cavity fluid samples, and explore the diagnosis rate of EGFR gene mutations in paraffin block histology samples with body cavity fluid samples in the same patients. In a retrospective study, cases of NSCLC were diagnosed with EGFR mutations by paraffin block histological specimens with Test EGFR Version 1 and body cavity fluid samples (pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid) with Test EGFR Version 2. There are 117 cases in the research: Results of EGFR mutation diagnosis on paraffin block histology: (+) 49 cases # 41.88%, equivalent to statistics in Vietnam and the World (Asia). The majority are still two types of drug - sensitive mutants TKIs: Exon 19 Deletion and Exon 21 L858R (53% and 23%). Results of diagnosis of EGFR mutation in samples of body cavity fluids: Most samples of body cavity performing diagnosis of EGFR mutation were pleural fluid (91 cases # 77.77%). The highest rate of detection of mutations in pleural and cerebrospinal fluid samples (29.67% & 83.33%). Comparing the rate of detection of EGFR mutation in body fluid samples (35/117 cases # 29.91%) with the statistically lower rate of detection in histological samples (29.91% ↔ 41, 88% with P = 0.0125). Compared with other studies in the world, most studies have higher results than those at Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital. Survey on the diagnosis of EGFR mutations in body cavity fluid samples, especially in fluid samples with too few malignant cells, showed positive results of 29.91%. The highest percentage is in pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. However, the ability to detect EGFR mutations in body cavity fluid samples was lower than in histological specimens (29.91% <
41.88%). And the similarity between these two samples is 71.42%.Therefore, it is necessary to improve the technique of performing EGFR mutation diagnosis in body cavity fluid samples with more sensitive methods: ddPCR, NGS...

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