Định danh loài xạ khuẩn có khả năng đối kháng nấm Fusarium oxysporum gây bệnh héo vàng khoai lang

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Tác giả: Minh Tường Lê, Đức Cương Nguyễn, Văn Tập Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) Vegetables

Thông tin xuất bản: Bảo vệ thực vật 2019

Mô tả vật lý: 13-18

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 406420

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Ba chủng xạ khuẩn TTr4, TL8 và TTh15 được thu thập và phân lập từ đất ruộng khoai lang ở huyện Bình Tân, tỉnh Vĩnh Long. Các dòng phân lập này có thể kiểm soát bệnh héo Fusarium do nấm Fusarium oxysporum trên khoai lang nhưng chưa được xác định. Trong nghiên cứu này, các phân lập xạ khuẩn này được xác định dựa trên các đặc điểm hình thái của khuẩn lạc nuôi cấy trên môi trường ISP và các đặc điểm sinh hóa của chúng. Ngoài ra, các dòng phân lập này cũng được xác định dựa trên trình tự gen 16S-rRNA. Kết quả cho thấy phân lập TL8 và TTh15 là dạng móc của sợi nấm mang bào tử
Sợi nấm mang bào tử của TTr4 phân lập thuộc dạng sợi. Chuỗi bào tử của TL8 có dạng gợn sóng
Chuỗi bào tử phân lập TTr4 và TTh15 thuộc về dạng thẳng
bề mặt bào tử nhẵn với ba chủng phân lập. Màu sắc cơ chất của các chủng TTr4 và TL8 thuộc nhóm màu trắng và chủng TTh15 thuộc nhóm nâu. Hai phân lập TTr4 và TTh15 có thể tạo ra sắc tố melanin và phân lập TL8 không thể tạo ra sắc tố melanin. Ngoài ra, ba chủng phân lập có khả năng tạo ra các enzym ngoại bào như protease, lipase, amylase. So sánh trình tự gen 16S-rDNA hiện có trên ngân hàng gen chỉ ra rằng phân lập TTr4 cho thấy độ tương đồng 99% với chủng Streptomyces bacillaris phân lập, chủng phân lập TL8 cho thấy độ tương đồng 99% với chủng Streptomyces phân lập lavendulae và phân lập TTh15 cho thấy sự giống nhau 100% với phân lập vi khuẩn Streptomyces violaceoruber. Kết quả của nghiên cứu này sẽ là cơ sở cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo, góp phần ứng dụng xạ khuẩn làm phòng trừ sinh học đối với bệnh héo Fusarium trên khoai lang., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Three actinomyces TTr4, TL8 and TTh15 isolates that were collected and isolated from soil of sweet potato fields in Binh Tan district, Vinh Long province. These isolates were able to control Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Sweet potato but were not identified. In this research, these actinomycete isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics of cultured colony on the ISP mediums and their biochemical characteristics. In addition, the these isolates were also identified based on the 16S-rRNA gene sequence. The results showed that TL8 and TTh15 isolates are hook forms of spore-bearing mycelium
TTr4 isolate's spore-bearing mycelium belongs to strainght form. Spore chain of TL8 is wavy form
TTr4 and TTh15 isolates's spore chain are belong to straight forms
surface spores was smooth with three isolates. The colors of substrate of the TTr4 and TL8 isolates belongs to white group and TTh15 isolate belongs to brown group. Two TTr4 and TTh15 isolates can product melanin pigment and TL8 isolate can not produce melanin pigment. Beside, three isolates have ability to product extracellular enzymes such as protease, lipase, amylase. Comparison of the 16S-rDNA gene sequence with existing on Gene bank indicated that TTr4 isolate showed 99% similarity with Streptomyces bacillaris isolate, TL8 isolate showed 99% similarity with Streptomyces lavendulae isolate and TTh15 isolate showed 100% similarity with Streptomyces violaceoruber isolate. The results of this study will be a basis for further researchs, contributing in applications of actinomycetes as biocontrol to Fusarium wilt disease on Sweet potato.

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