Nghiên cứu ứng dụng bơm nhiệt để sưởi ấm cho bể nuôi tôm hùm thương phẩm trên cạn

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Tác giả: , Như Chính Lê, Đại Tiến Trần

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí khoa học - công nghệ thủy sản - Đại học Nha Trang 2020

Mô tả vật lý: 35-40

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 409392

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Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Tôm hùm thương phẩm là mặt hàng thủy sản có giá trị kinh tế cao. Tuy nhiên trong thời gian gần đây việc nuôi tôm hùm thương phẩm trên biển gặp nhiều khó khăn và trở ngại. Do đó Việt Nam đang triển khai nuôi tôm hùm thương phẩm trên cạn. Thực tế cho thấy nhiệt độ thích hợp để tôm sinh trưởng tốt trong khoảng 27 đến 28ºC cho nên mùa nóng cần làm lạnh và mùa lạnh lại cần phải làm ấm nước biển cho bể nuôi. Bài viết sau đây giới thiệu chọn phương án thiết kế, chế tạo hệ thống bơm nhiệt điều hòa nhiệt độ cho bể nuôi tôm hùm thương phẩm trên cạn. Kết quả cho thấy với tổng thể tích các bể nuôi là 195 m³, máy nén lạnh cho bơm nhiệt cần công suất 7,5 kW, dàn nóng dạng ống xoắn có diện tích bề mặt trao đổi nhiệt 3,6 m² được chế tạo từ thép Inox-316L. Thời gian để máy chạy nâng nhiệt từ 20ºC đến 28ºC hết gần 48h, thời gian chạy máy để duy trì nhiệt độ nước biển trong bể từ 27ºC đến 28ºC hết 4,55h cho một ngày đêm, tiêu hao năng lượng 0,168 kWh/m³ nước giảm 5,2 lần so với sưởi ấm bằng điện trở. Thời gian thường sưởi ấm cho tôm khoảng 2 tháng trong một năm, kinh phí sẽ tiết kiệm được gần 16,5 triệu đồng và thời gian thu hồi vốn 2,6 năm so với sưởi ấm cho tôm bằng điện trở., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Commercial lobster is a seafood product with high economic value. However, in recent time, commercial lobster farming on the sea had encountered many diffi culties and obstacles. Therefore, Vietnam was deploying commercial lobster farming in land. In fact, the suitable temperature for lobster to grow well ranged from 27 to 28ºC. So in the hot season, sea water in rearing tanks needs to be cooled and vice-verse for the cold season. This paper introduces a design option and fabrication of air conditioning heat pump system for commercial lobster farming in land. The results showed that with the volume of the rearing tank of 195 m³, refrigeration compressor for heat pump capacity required 7.5 kW. The condenser unit had a surface area of 3.6 m² heat exchanger made from stainless steel-316L. The time for the Heat pump to raise temperature from 20ºC to 28ºC was almost 48 hours. The time for Heat pump to operate and to maintain the sea water temperature in the tank from 27ºC to 28ºC was 4.55h per day , the energy consumption was 0.168 kWh/m³ decreased by 5.2 times compared to resistance heating. The time lobster needs heating was 2 months a year. This will save 16.5 million VND and payback time was 2.6 years compared to using resistance heating.

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