Đặc điểm sinh vật học và sinh thái học của mọt đậu đỏ Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Bruchidae: Coleoptera)

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Tác giả: Thị Thu Giang Hồ, Bích Hoa Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học nông nghiệp Việt Nam 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 577-585

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 409410

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Mọt đậu đỏ là một trong các loài gây hại nguy hiểm trong bảo quản đậu đỗ. Thông tin về đặc điểm sinh học, sinh thái cơ bản của mọt đậu đỏ là cần thiết và cơ sở cho đề xuất biện pháp quản lý mọt đậu đỏ trong bảo quản sau thu hoạch. Thí nghiệm thực hiện tại bộ môn Côn trùng, Khoa Nông học, Học viện Nông nghiệp Việt Nam. Ảnh hưởng ở các mức nhiệt độ đến một số chỉ tiêu sinh học của mọt đậu đỏ được thực hiện theo phương pháp nuôi cá thể. Ở nhiệt độ 25
27,8 và 30°C, vòng đời của mọt đậu đỏ lần lượt là 29,07
26,83 và 23,64 ngày. Thời gian sống của trưởng thành đực và cái giảm khi nhiệt độ tăng. Tổng số trứng đẻ trung bình của một trưởng thành cái mọt đậu đỏ ở nhiệt độ 25
27,8 và 30°C tương ứng là 48,93, 54,26 và 64,73 quả/trưởng thành cái, trưởng thành cái đẻ số lượng trứng tập trung cao nhất vào 3 ngày đầu. Trưởng thành mọt đậu đỏ ưa thích đẻ trứng trên hạt đậu trắng ở điều kiện lựa chọn và không lựa chọn ký chủ. Khi mật độ sâu non tăng từ 1, 2, 3 và 4 (con/hạt đậu đỏ) thì trọng lượng hao hụt cũng tăng lần lượt là 3,97
10,65
15,35 và 19,36 (mg). Tỉ lệ trưởng thành vũ hóa của mọt đậu đỏ giảm khi mật độ sâu non/1 hạt tăng. Tỉ lệ nảy mầm của hạt giảm khi mật độ sâu non tăng., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius is one of the most economically important beetles infesting many grains during storage. Understanding of the life cycle of C. maculatus that was necessary to use for pest management. A study on the biological and ecological characteristics of C. maculatus was done in the laboratory at the Department of Entomology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The effect of temperature on bruchid development was also observed by the individual methodology. It was found that the life cycle of C. maculatus was 29.07
26.83 and 23.64 days at 25
27.8 and 30°C, respectively. The longevities of females and males were decreased as temperatures increased. The means number of eggs laid per female at 25
28.2 and 30°C were 48.93, 54.26 and 64.73 eggs/female, respectively. The highest mean number of egg laid was found within the first 3 days. C. maculatus preferred to lay egg on white seed beans. The larval densities (1, 2, 3, 4 larvae/seed) significantly reduced the seed weight (the weight loss 3.97
10.65
15.35 and 19.36 mg respectively). The adult emergence percentage decreased inversely proportional to the density of larvae per bean seeds. Increasing larval density caused reducing the germination rate of bean seeds.

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