Ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố khí tượng lên bệnh đạo ôn trên lúa ở tỉnh Hậu Giang

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Tác giả: Văn Hồng Nguyễn, Thị Anh Thơ Phan

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) Vegetables

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 18-24

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 409779

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Bệnh đạo ôn hại lúa do nấm Pyricularia oryzae gây ra, là một trong những bệnh làm tổn thất năng suất lúa nặng nề nhất, nấm đạo ôn có thể tấn công cây lúa ở tất cả các giai đoạn của cây trên lá, đốt thân và bông. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá mối tương quan của các yếu tố khí tượng lên bệnh đạo ôn trên lúa, từ đó xây dựng mô hình dự đoán bệnh để hạn chế thấp nhất sự mất mùa ở tỉnh Hậu Giang. Phương pháp thu thập số liệu sản xuất nông nghiệp thứ cấp từ Sở Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn tỉnh Hậu Giang từ tháng 01 năm 2017 đến tháng 12 năm 2019. Các yếu tố khí tượng gồm nhiệt độ cao nhất, nhiệt độ trung bình, nhiệt độ thấp nhất, độ ẩm cao nhất, độ ẩm trung bình, độ ẩm thấp nhất, lượng mưa và số giờ nắng có sự ảnh hưởng lên tỷ lệ diện tích lúa bị nhiễm bệnh đạo ôn với hệ số tương quan dao động trong khoảng 0,10 - 0,55. Đồng thời, yếu tố độ ẩm trung bình đóng vai trò quan trọng nhất cho việc dự đoán sự xuất hiện của bệnh này. Do đó, yếu tố khí tượng độ ẩm trung bình cần được ưu tiên xem xét trong quản lý bệnh đạo ôn trên lúa., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae, was one of the most devastative diseases on rice plant. The pathogen could attack rice plant during growth and development of rice plant on rice leaf, internode, and panicle. The aim of the study was to determine correlations among the meteorology factors and rice blast, as a result, a prediction model of rice blast occurrence was built to limit the lowest yield damages of rice plant cultivated in Hau Giang province. Secondary data of an agricultural cultivation were collected from Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Hau Giang province in the period between January 2017 and December 2019. The meteorology factors including a maximum, average, and minimum temperature, a maximum, average, and minimum humidity, precipitation, and a sunny hour had an influence on a percentage of rice-cultivated area which was infected by rice blast with correlation coefficient ranged from 0.10 to 0.55. Especially, the factor of average humidity played the most important role for prediction of rice blast appearance. Therefore, the average humidity should be prioritized to evaluate in rice blast management.

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