Thực trạng từ chối mẫu bệnh phẩm tại Bệnh viện đa khoa Đức Giang năm 2021

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Tác giả: Thị Huyền Chu, Thị Hồng Hạnh Đỗ, Thị Ngọc Dung Nguyễn, Thị Ngọc Lan Phan, Thị Trang Trần

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Điều dưỡng Việt Nam 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 64-68

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 411948

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Mô tả tình trạng và lý do mẫu bệnh phẩm bị từ chối tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Đức Giang năm 2021. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả được thực hiện trên 414 mẫu bị từ chối trong tổng số 256.727 mẫu bệnh phẩm được xét nghiệm tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Đức Giang trong thời gian từ tháng 3/2021 đến tháng 10/2021. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu cho thấy tỷ lệ từ chối mẫu là 0,16%. Tỷ lệ mẫu bệnh phẩm bị từ chối tại khoa Hóa sinh là cao nhất (0,26%). Tỷ lệ từ chối mẫu tại khoa Giải phẫu bệnh và tại khoa Huyết học - Truyền máu đều là 0,15%. Tỷ lệ từ chối mẫu bệnh phẩm tại khoa Vi sinh và tổ lấy mẫu của khoa Khám bệnh lần lượt là 0,13% và 0,07%. Mẫu bệnh phẩm Hóa sinh có tỷ lệ từ chối là 32,1%, tiếp theo là bệnh phẩm dịch chiếm tỷ lệ là 26,1% Công thức máu là 13,5% Đông máu là 6,8% Huyết thanh học, nhóm máu 4,3% Khí máu là 10,1% Miễn dịch là 5,8% Mô là 0,7% và Nước tiểu là 0,6%. Mẫu bệnh phẩm bị từ chối xảy ra ở 26 khoa lâm sàng, trong đó cao nhất là tại khoa Cấp cứu (16,9%), tiếp theo là khoa Khám bệnh (12,8%) và khoa HSTC-CĐ (10,1%) khoa Thần kinh là 6,8% khoa Truyền nhiễm là 6,5% khoa Ung bướu là 5,3%. Tính theo số lượng người bệnh tại các khoa thì tỷ lệ bị từ chối cao nhất là HSTC-CĐ (12,17%), tiếp theo là Truyền nhiễm (11,16%) và Nội Thận - Tiết niệu (10,23%), Phẫu thuật tạo hình (10,00%). Kết luận: Hầu hết mẫu bệnh phẩm xét nghiệm đều có chất lượng đảm bảo (tỷ lệ bị từ chối là 0,16%). Bệnh phẩm có tỷ lệ bị từ chối cao là mẫu bệnh phẩm hóa sinh. Hầu hết các khoa lâm sàng đều có mẫu bệnh phẩm bị từ chối nhưng xảy ra nhiều hơn ở các khoa cấp cứu (16,9%), khoa Khám bệnh (12,8%) và khoa HSTC-CĐ (10,1%). Khuyến nghị: cần tiếp tục theo dõi, đánh giá định kỳ chỉ số tỷ lệ mẫu bệnh phẩm bị từ chối và thực hiện các giải pháp can thiệp như tăng cường đào tạo và giám sát chặt chẽ quy trình lấy, bảo quản, vận chuyển và bàn giao mẫu bệnh phẩm tại bệnh viện, cần thực hiện nghiên cứu tìm hiểu nguyên nhân gây lỗi bệnh phẩm để có biện pháp can thiệp hiệu quả nâng cao chất lượng mẫu bệnh phẩm., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, To describe the status and reasons of specimen rejection at Duc Giang General Hospital in 2021. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 414 rejected specimens out of a total of 256,727 samples collected at the Duc Giang general hospital. Results: The study showed a sample rejection rate of 0.16%. The percentage of samples rejected at the Department of Biochemistry was the highest (0.26%) Sample rejection rates at the Department of Pathology and the Department of Hematology-Blood Transfusion were both 0.15%. The sample rejection rate at the Department of Microbiology and the Sampling team of the Department of Out-patients was 0.13% and 0.07%, respectively. Biochemistry specimens had a rejection rate of 32.1%, followed by body secretion samples was 26.1%, Blood count was 13.5% Coagulation was 6.8% Serology, blood group was 4.3% Blood gas was 10.1% Immunity was 5.8% Tissue was 0.7% and Urine was 0.6%. Rejected specimens occurred in 26 clinical departments, of which the highest was in the emergency department (16.9%), followed by the Out-patients department (12.8%) and the ICU (10.1%) The specimen rejection rates of Department of Neurology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Oncology department were 6.8%, 6.5% and 5.3 %, respectively. According to the number of patients in the wards, the highest rejection rate was at the Intensive Care and Toxic Control department (12.17%), followed by the Infectious Diseases department (11.16%) and Endocrine - Urology department (10.23%), Plastic surgery unit (10.0%). Conclusions: Most of the test specimens attain quality assurance, the rejection rate is low (0.16%). Specimens with a high rejection rate are biochemical specimens. Samples were rejected in most clinical departments, but it was more common in emergency departments (16.9%), medical examinations (12.8%) and ICU (10.1%). Recommendation: It is necessary to continue to monitor and periodically evaluate the rejected sample rate and implement interventions such as increasing training and closely monitoring the process of sample collection, preservation, transportation and handover of pecimens at the hospital. It is necessary to conduct further research to find out the reasons of specimen errors in order to have effective interventions to improve the quality of test samples.

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