Tình hình nhiễm COVID-19 và tiêm chủng vắc xin trên địa bàn tỉnh Khánh Hòa

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Tác giả: Tấn Phùng Lê, Văn Tùng Lê, Thanh Hiền Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 616.9 Other diseases

Thông tin xuất bản: Y tế Công cộng 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 51-59

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 412017

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Chủ đề

Dịch Covid-19 vẫn diễn biến phức tạp trong bối cảnh tiêm chủng vắc xin đang được đẩy mạnh. Vẫn có ca nhiễm Covid-19 mặc dù đã được tiêm chủng đầy đủ với những loại vắc xin khác nhau. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu tìm hiểu mối liên quan giữa nhiễm Covid-19 với tình trạng tiêm chủng ở những người xác định mắc Covid-19 thông qua khảo sát 6 tháng cuối năm 2021 với các mục tiêu cụ thể là so sánh (1) tải lượng vi rút SARS-CoV-2 dựa vào chỉ số Ct (2) thời gian nằm viện và (3) thời gian chuyển đổi kết quả xét nghiệm sang âm tính. So sánh các chỉ tiêu này giữa 2 vắc xin phổ biến là AstraZeneca và Verocell. Phương pháp: Sử dụng thiết kế loạt ca những trường hợp nhiễm Covid-19, áp dụng phân tích phi tham số để so sánh trung vị các biến số giá trị chỉ số Ct, số ngày nằm viện và số ngày chuyển đổi xét nghiệm sang âm tính. Phần mềm R được sử dụng trong phân tích. Kết quả: Trung vị giá trị Ct ở nhóm đã tiêm 2 mũi vắc xin sau 14 ngày thấp hơn nhóm chưa tiêm vắc xin. Số ngày nằm viện của nhóm chưa tiêm vắc xin là 12 ngày, thấp hơn so với nhóm đã tiêm vắc xin và nhóm tiêm mũi 2 sau 14 ngày (13 và 14 ngày). Cần 11 ngày để chuyển đồi xét nghiệm sang âm tính ở nhóm chưa tiêm vắc xin, ngắn hơn so với nhóm đã tiêm vắc xin (12 ngày). Cả 3 chỉ số này đều tốt hơn ở nhóm tiêm vắc xin AstraZeneca so với Verocell. Kết luận: Trong những người xác định nhiễm Covid-19, nhóm người chưa tiêm vắc xin có trung vị giá trị Ct cao hơn. Nhóm chưa tiêm vắc xin có số ngày nằm viện ngắn hơn. Số ngày chuyển đổi xét nghiệm sang âm tính dài hơn ở nhóm đã tiêm vắc xin. Có bằng chứng về ưu thế hơn của vắc xin AstraZeneca so với vắc xin Verocell., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Covid-19 pandemic continues its complicated situation although vaccination campaign has been accelerated. There are still Covid-19 infections among those who have been vaccinated with various Covid-19 vaccine. Objective: The study aims to examine the association between Covid-19 infection and vaccination status among people who contracted with Covid-19 in Khanh Hoa province in the second half o f the year 2021 through comparison o f (1) virus load based on Ct index (2) length o f stay in the health facilities and (3) days o f conversion to negative results o f PCR test. Comparison o f these three indices between AstraZeneca vaccine and Verocell vaccine was also made. Methods: Case series design was applied to recruit confirmed cases o f Covid-19 infection. Nonparametric analysis was used to compare medians o f variables o f Ct values, length o f hospitalization (by days), and days o f negative conversion o f PCR tests. Analysis was performed with R software. Results: Ct value median among people who have vaccinated fully was lower than those who haven't vaccinated yet. The length o f hospitalization among people who have been vaccinated or fully vaccinated were longer than those who haven't vaccinated yet (13 and 14 days compared with 11 days). There was a need o f 11 days for negative conversion o f PCR test among Covid-19 cases who haven't vaccinated yet, shorter than Covid-19 cases who have vaccinated (12 days). These three indices were better in people who vaccinated with AstraZeneca vaccine compared with Verocell vaccine. Conclusions: Among confirmed cases o f Covid-19 infection, Ct median o f people who haven't vaccinated yet was higher than others. Shorter length o f hospitalization was observed among people who haven't vaccinated yet, and longer days o f negative conversion ofPCR test was reported in vaccinatedpeople. There was primary superior evidence o f AstraZeneca vaccine compared with Verocell vaccine.

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