KIỂM TOÁN CHẤT THẢI CHĂN NUÔI BÒ TẠI XÃ MINH CHÂU, HUYỆN BA VÌ, HÀ NỘI

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Tác giả: Thị Hằng Phùng, Hữu Công Võ

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2019

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Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 414082

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Nghiên cứu này áp dụng công cụ kiểm toán chất thải nhằm xác định lượng chất thải phát sinh và hiệu quả thu hồi dinh dưỡng đối với hoạt động chăn nuôi bò. Các nội dung kiểm toán gồm, tính toán đầu vào và đầu ra
đặc tính cơ bản của chất thải
mức độ ô nhiễm của các loại chất thải
giải pháp giảm thiểu ô nhiễm. Nghiên cứu thực địa được thực hiện với 60 hộ chăn nuôi bò, kiểm toán chất thải được thực hiện tại 03 hộ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các hộ chăn nuôi có quy mô khá nhỏ, trung bình 09 con/hộ. Ước tính theo vòng đời (20 tháng đối với bò thịt), mỗi con tiêu thụ lượng thức ăn là 11,73 tấn, nước là 94,62 m3, lượng thuốc kháng sinh và vaccine là 6 mg và lượng phân thải là 4,46 tấn, nước thải là 90,6 m3. Tổng lượng phân thải ước tính cho toàn xã khoảng 67,55 tấn/ngày, nước thải khoảng 893,3 m3/ngày, Tỷ lệ thu hồi chất thải đạt 83,7%, trong đó, bón phân cho cây (61,06%), thu khí sinh học (35,87%), nuôi giun quế (3,06%) và phần thải ra môi trường chủ yếu là chất thải sau biogas. Chất lượng nước thải có nồng độ TSS vượt 1,47 - 1,67 lần, Nts vượt 1,52 lần, COD vượt 1,39 lần, BOD5 vượt 1,67 - 2,34 lần và Coliform vượt 1,8-8,8 lần so với QCVN 622016/BTNMT., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, This study applies a waste audit tool to quantify generated waste and nutrition recovery for cattle production. The research contents include calculation of inputs and outputs
characterization of wastes
pollution level and pollution reduction solutions. Field research was carried out with 60 households raising cattle, waste audit was carried out at 03 households. Research results show that livestock households have a relatively small scale with an average of 09 heads/household. Estimated life cycle (20 months for beef cattle), each consumes 11.73 tons of food, 94.62 m3 of water, 6 mg antibiotics and vaccine and generated 4,46 tons of wastes, 90.6 m3 of wastewater. The estimated waste is 67.55 tons/day, waste water is about 893.3 m3/day. Waste recovery rate achieved 83.7%, of which, fertilizing for trees (61.1 %), biogas collection (35.87%), earthworm raising (3.06%) and discharged into environment after biogas. The TSS concentration exceeds 1.47-1.67 times, Total N is 1.52 times, COD is 1.39 times, BOD5 is 1.67 - 2.34 times and Coliform exceeds 1.8-8.8 times compared to QCVN622016/BTNMT (National Regulation on Livestock Wastewater).

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