Nghiên cứu khả năng tái sinh in vitro và sinh trưởng, phát triển ex vitro cây hồng môn thiên nga [Anthurium scherzerianum Schott]

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Tác giả: Văn Khiêm Đinh, Thị Phượng Hoàng Nguyễn, Thị Thanh Hằng Nguyễn, Xuân Huyên Phan

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 580.589 Plants

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 24 - 31

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 415207

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Cây hồng môn thiên nga (Authurium scherzerianum Schott) là giống hoa nhập nội, có giá trị kinh tế cao. Hiện nay ở nước ta chưa có công bố nhân giống in vitro và nuôi trồng hoa hồng môn thiên nga. Nghiên cứu khả năng tái sinh in vitro và sinh trưởng, phát triển ex vitro cây hồng môn thiên nga cho thấy, môi trường MS bổ sung 0,3 mg/1 - 0,5 mg/1 BA kết hợp 0,1 mg/1 2,4-D đều phù họp đến sự hình thành callus từ lá non (khối lượng tươi của callus 0,19 g/mẫu - 0,20 g/mẫu, tỷ lệ mẫu tạo callus 80%). Môi trường MS bổ sung 1,5 mg/1 BA là phù họp đến sự biệt hóa chồi từ callus (chiều cao chồi 2,98 cm, số chồi 25,10 chồi/mẫu, số mẫu biệt hóa chồi 100%). Môi trường MS bổ sung 0 mg/1 -1 mg/1 IBA đều thích họp tạo rễ ex vitro (tỷ lệ mẫu tạo rễ 100%). Vụn xơ dừa là giá thể tốt nhất để chuyển cây cấy mô ra điều kiện in vitro (chiều cao cây 7,14 cm, chiều dài rễ 3,92 cm, tỷ lệ sống 94,44%). Giá thể 70% vụn xơ dừa + 20% trấu hun + 10% phân dê phù hợp cho cây sinh trưởng, phát triển và ra hoa ở điều kiện ex vitro (chiều cao cây 22,42 cm, số hoa 1,30 hoa/chậu, tỷ lệ sống và ra hoa 100%). Khí hậu của Đà Lạt - Lâm Đồng phù hợp cho trồng hồng môn thiên nga, cây phát triển tốt, ra hoa sau 8 tháng trồng và đồng loạt ra hoa sau 12 tháng trồng. Cây sinh trưởng tốt ra hoa nhiều hơn sau 24 tháng trồng (chiều cao cây 37,13 cm, số hoa 3,2 hoa/chậu), sau 36 tháng trồng (chiều cao cây 47,79 cm, số hoa 4,4 hoa/chậu)., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Anthurium scherzetianum Schott is an imported flower plant with high economic value. Currently, in our country, there is no publication of in vitro propagation and cultivation of Anthurium scherzerianum. This paper investigated ability of in vitro regeneration and ex vitro development growth of Anthurium
scherzerianum. The results showed that MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/1 - 0.5 mg/1 BA combined with 0.1 mg/1 2,4-D were suitable for callus formation from young leaves (fresh weight of callus 0.19 g/explant - 0.20 g/explant, the rate of callus formation 80%). MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/1 BA was suitable for the regeneration of shoots from callus (shoot height 2.98 cm, 25.10 shoots/explant, explant number of shoot regeneration 100%). MS medium supplemented with 0 mg/1 -1 mg/1 IBA were suitable for in vitro formation (rate of root explant 100%). Coconut fiber powder was the best substrate for transfer of cultivated - tissue plants to the greenhouse (plant height 7.14 cm, root length 3.92 cm, survival rate 94.44%). The substrate of 70% coconut fiber powder + 20% charred rice husk + 10% goat dung was suitable for good development growth of plants and flowered in ex vitro conditions (plant height 22.42 cm, 1.30 flowers/pot, survival and flowering rate 100%). The climate of Da Lat - Lam Dong was suitable for cultivation of Anthurium scherzerianum Schott, the plants grew well after 8 months of cultivation and all flowered after 12 months of cultivation. Plants grew well and flowered more after 24 of cultivation (plant height 37.13 cm, number of flowers 3.2 flowers/pot), after 36 months of cultivation (plant height 47.79 cm, number of flowers 4.4 flowers/pot).

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