Pesticide use practices among smallholder vegetable farmers in Thanh Hoa province were investigated through field surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge and perception of vegetable growers regarding the appropriate knowledge on safe handling and proper use of pesticides. The results revealed that farmers' choices of pesticides was strongly influenced by both authorized pesticide dealers and neighboring farmers. In addition, Over 87% farmers did not read written information on pesticide label before use. Consequently, most farmers applied pesticides in violation of the recommendations they overused, misused, and abused pesticides for pest control, ignore risks and safety instructions, they did not respect pre-harvest interval and dispose containers unsafely. Improved safety training and provided further information on technical aspects of pesticide use would be a cost-effective solution to raise awareness of vegetable farmers about negative impact of pesticides on population health and the environment.