ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT SẢN XUẤT NÔNG NGHIỆP TẠI HUYỆN NGÂN SƠN, TỈNH BẮC KẠN

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Tác giả: Thị Bích Hạnh Nguyễn, Thị Thu Nguyễn, Thị Tuyết Nguyễn, Thu Hường Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2020

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Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 417517

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Trong những năm gần đây, việc sử dụng đất nông nghiệp (theo nghĩa hẹp) của huyện Ngân Sơn, tỉnh Bắc Kạn có những hạn chế như việc chuyển đổi cơ cấu cây trồng theo hướng sản xuất hàng hóa còn chậm, diện tích đất nông nghiệp ngày càng bị thu hẹp,... Nghiên cứu thực hiện với mục đích đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng đất nông nghiệp nhằm chỉ ra các kiểu sử dụng đất hiệu quả làm cơ sở cho định hướng sử dụng đất trong tương lai của địa phương. Với mục đích này chúng tôi đã sử dụng số liệu sơ cấp và thứ cấp, từ đó tính toán, xử lý số liệu bằng phần mềm Excel để có số liệu hiệu quả sử dụng đất. Kết quả đánh giá cho thấy toàn huyện có 7 loại hình sử dụng đất (LUT) với 19 kiểu sử dụng đất. Một số LUT cho hiệu quả cao như loại hình chuyên màu và cây công nghiệp hằng năm, một số kiểu sử dụng đất trong LUT 2 lúa - 1 màu, LUT 2 màu - 1 lúa, LUT cây ăn quả là những LUT có triển vọng cho sử dụng đất theo hướng bền vững trong huyện vừa đảm bảo về an toàn lương thực vừa cho sản phẩm hàng hóa theo hướng bền vững. Nghiên cứu cũng đưa ra một số khuyến nghị để nâng cao hiệu quả sử dụng đất nông nghiệp tại địa phương như các biện pháp kĩ thuật, đảm bảo tốt công tác thủy lợi, thực hiện dồn điền đổi thửa, mở rộng thị trường tiêu thụ nông sản,..., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, In recent years, the use of agricultural land (in the narrow sense) of Ngan Son district, Bac Kan provices has shown some limitations. For instance, the change of land use type which developes towards commodity production has been increased slowly while the agricultural land area has been reduced rapidly. The research aims to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural land use, and then identify the effective land use types (LUTs) as a basic for land use planning in Ngan Son. The data were collected from primary and secondary sources, and then annalysed using Excel to carry out the information of land use effeciency. The research results showed that with 19 kinds of land use in the research area, some high efficient LUTs such as lands speciallizing annual crops, annual industrial crops, lands growing combination between rice and other annual crops (2 rice crops - 1 anual crop or 1 rice crop - 2 annual crops)
land growing, lands growing fruit trees are LUTs having prospects in sustainable land use in the district, which ensures food security and commodity producttion sustainably. The research proposed some recommendations of technical measures such as ensuring good irrigation works, good implementation land consolidation and exchange, expanding markets of local agricultural production to improve the efficiency of agricultural land use in the research area.

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