Tính toán tiềm năng khí mê-tan từ bãi chôn lấp chất thải rắn Nam Sơn, Hà Nội

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Tác giả: Thị Thế Nguyên Nguyễn, Quỳnh Thêu Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 620 Engineering and allied operations

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Thủy lợi và Môi trường, 2019

Mô tả vật lý: 17-25

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 418218

Thêm vào giỏ

Công nghệ chôn lấp chất thải rắn sinh hoạt có thu hồi khí phục vụ phát điện hiện được áp dụng nhiều nơi trên thế giới song vẫn chưa được áp dụng nhiều tại Việt Nam. Để xây dựng được hệ thống phát điện sử dụng khí bãi rác, cần thiết phải đánh giá trữ lượng khí mê tan (CH4) của rác thải cũng như chi phí - lợi ích từ các phương pháp sử dụng thu gom khí, xử lý. Trong nghiên cứu này, mô hình LandGEM 3.02 được áp dụng để tính toán lượng khí CH4 phát thải và tiềm năng điện khí từ bãi chôn lấp Nam Sơn, Hà Nội. Các tham số của mô hình được tính toán lại theo điều kiện tự nhiên, thành phần chất thải và thực tế quản lý bãi rác Nam Sơn. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hằng số tốc độ sinh khí CH4 và khả năng sinh khí CH4 từ chất thải rắn tại bãi rác Nam Sơn là 0,06 năm-1 và 56,4 m3/tấnCTR. Ô chôn lấp có dung tích thiết kế là 1,5 triệu tấn rác, tỉ lệ tiếp nhận rác thải là 1,5 triệu tấn rác/năm, thời gian đóng bãi là 1 năm có thể phát sinh ra 4.941.515 m3 CH4 và tạo ra 10,9 triệu kWh trong năm đầu tiên. Vào những năm sau đó, lượng khí CH4 và tiềm năng điện khí giảm dần với tốc độ 6%/năm và có thể kéo dài đến 30 năm sau khi đóng bãi., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Technology of gas recovery for electricity generation from landfill is applied in many parts of the world but has not been applied much in Vietnam. In order to build a system using landfill gas, it is necessary to assess the methane (CH4) emissions from solid waste as well as the cost - benefit from the gas collection and treatment methods. In this study, LandGEM model 3.02 was applied to calculate recoverable CH4 and gas electrification from the Nam Son landfill, Hanoi. The parameters of the model were recalculated according to natural conditions, waste composition and actual management of the Nam Son landfill. The results show that the decay rate, and generation potential capacity of CH4 from the solid waste at the Nam Son landfill are 0.06 year-1, and 56.4 m3 /tonMSW. A burial compartment with waste design capacity of 1.5 million tons, enter waste acceptance rate of 1.5 million tons per year, and closure time of 1 year can generate 4,941,515 m3 CH4, and 10.9 million kWh electricity in the first year. In the subsequent years, the CH4 volume and electrification potential gradually decrease at a rate of 6%/year and can last until 30 years after landfill closure.

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