Xây dựng quy trình khai thác và thu hồi tinh dầu thảo quả

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Tác giả: Thị Thu Hiền Nguyễn, Văn Lợi Nguyễn, Thị Bình Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: 55 - 62

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 420088

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Quả thảo quả được sử dụng làm thuốc đông y và làm gia vị thực phẩm. Thành phần của quả thảo quả gồm có carbonhydrate, chất xơ, protein, vitamin C, niacin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamin, sắt, canxi, magie, mangan, kẽm và 1,5- 5,0% tinh dầu... Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là xây dựng quy trình khai thác và thu hồi tinh dầu thảo quả, từ đó góp phần tạo cơ sở khoa học cho việc chế biến quả thảo quả ở nước ta. Đã xác định được hàm lượng tinh dầu trong quả thảo quả là 2,2%. Giải bài toán tối ưu hóa theo thuật toán hàm mong đợi đã thiết lập được mô hình thí nghiệm khai thác và thu hồi tinh dầu quả thảo quả, gồm có 15 thí nghiệm, trong đó có 3 thí nghiệm tại tâm, với phương trình hồi quy là Y= 68,15 - 5,26A + 3,13B + 1,82C - 2,55AB + 3,89A2 - 0,84B2 - 0,36C2 . Từ đó xây dựng được quy trình khai thác và thu hồi tinh dầu quả thảo quả bằng phương pháp chưng cất lôi cuốn hơi nước, với các thông số công nghệ tối ưu là kích thước nguyên liệu 0,50 mm, tỷ lệ nước/nguyên liệu 5/1(ml/g) và thời gian chưng cất 135 phút, khi đó hiệu suất đạt 81,41%., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Black cardamom is used as an oriental medicine and as a food spice. The composition of black cardamom includes carbohydrates, fiber, protein, vitamin C, niacin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamin, iron, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and 1.5 - 5.0% of essential oil. This study is to develop a process of extraction and recovery of black cardamom oil, thereby contributing to creating a scientific basis for the processing of black cardamom in Vietnam. It has been determined that the content of essential oil in black cardamom is 2.2%. Next, solving the optimization problem according to the expected function algorithm has established the experimental model of extraction and recovery of black cardamom essential oil. This model consists of 15 experiments, including 3 experiments at the center, with the regression equation Y = 68.15 - 5.26A + 3.13B + 1.82C - 2.55AB + 3.89A2 - 0.84B2 - 0.36C2 . From there, the process of exploiting and recovering black cardamom essential oil by steam distillation method was built with technological parameters the material size is 0.50 mm, water/material ratio is 5/1 (ml/g) and the distillation time is 135 minutes, at which efficiency reached 81.41%.

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