Xác định nguyên nhân gây bệnh thán thư hại cây Hồi tại Việt Nam

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Tác giả: Như Quỳnh Đặng, Văn Bình Lê, Hoài Thu Nguyễn, Thị Minh Hằng Nguyễn, Thị Thúy Nga Nguyễn, Xuân Hưng Trần

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 180 - 187

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 420279

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Cây Hồi (Jllicium verum Hook) là loài cây đặc sản có giá trị kinh tế cao không chỉ về giá trị dược liệu mà còn được sử dụng phổ biến trong ngành chế biến thực phẩm với tổng diện tích đạt khoảng trên 50.000 ha tập trung chủ yếu ở Lạng Sơn, Bắc Kạn và một số tỉnh vùng Đông Bắc bộ. Tuy nhiên, hiện nay rừng trồng Hồi đang xuất hiện bệnh thán thư hại cây hồi xảy ra thường xuyên ảnh hưởng không nhỏ đến năng suất, chất lượng hồi. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định nguyên nhân gây bệnh thông qua nghiên cứu đặc điểm triệu chứng, đánh giá tính gây bệnh trong thử nghiệm nhân tạo và xác định loài nấm gây bệnh thán thư. Kết quả phân lập đã thu được 12 mẫu nấm từ các lá bị bệnh và 2 mẫu nấm từ quả bị bệnh thán thư. Đánh giá tính gây bệnh của các mẫu nấm trên lá và quả được chia thành năm nhóm gồm gây bệnh rất mạnh (2 mẫu), gây bệnh mạnh (5 mẫu), gây bệnh trung binh (3 mầu), gây bệnh yếu (2 mẫu) và không gây bệnh (2 mẫu). Trong đó mầu HLSL8.1 gây bệnh mạnh nhất, mẫu HLSL5, HLSL1.2, HLSL7.1, HBKL3 và HLSQ1 gây bệnh mạnh và có đặc điểm vết bệnh tương tự như mẫu lá và quả được thu ngoài hiện trường. Kết quả phân tích trình tự vùng gen ITS1+5.8S+ITS2 bằng cặp mồi ITS1 và ITS4 đã xác định nấm gây bệnh thán thư là loài Coũetotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato. Nghiên cứu này ghi nhận nguyên nhân gày bệnh thán thư trên cây hồi ở Việt Nam là do loài nấm Colletotrichum gloesporioides sensu ỉato gẫy ra., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, The star anise {Ulicium veruni) is a speciality and high-value tree in the food and medicine industries. The area of star anise plantation is estimated at approximately 50,000 hectares, mostly in Lang Son, Bac Kan provinces and others in the North East of Vietnam. However, the anthracnose disease has currently occurred on the star anise tree, which affects seriously on the growth and the productivity of star anise fruit. This study aims to determine the cause of anthracnose disease on star anise tree, based on the symptoms, the pathogenicity, and molecular identification. There are 12 isolates from infected leaves and 02 isolates from infected fruits, which is tested the pathogenicity. The pathogenicity test showed the five levels of anthracnose disease including very high (2 isolates), high (5 isolates), medium (3 isolates), low (2 isolates) and nil (2 isolates). In which, the isolate HLSL8.1 has the strongest severity while the isolates HLSL5, HLSL1.2, HLSL7.1, HBKL3 and HLSQ1 have a strong severity, and these isolates cause the lesions similar to the leaves and fruits collected in the field. Based on the sequence analysis of ITS1+5.8S+ITS2 gene region with ITS1 and ITS4 primers, Colletotrichum gloesporioides sensu lato was identified as the cause of anthracnose disease on the star anise trees. This study is the first report of Colletotrichum gloesporioides sensu lato causing anthracnose disease on the star anise trees in Vietnam, and need further research to manage the anthracnose disease.

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