Thực trạng của người bệnh nuôi ăn qua sonde tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An

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Tác giả: Đức Phúc Nguyễn, Quỳnh Anh Nguyễn, Thị Thơm Nguyễn, Thị Thu Hà Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 362 Social welfare problems and services

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học và công nghệ Việt Nam, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: 15 - 19

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 422124

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Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Nuôi ăn qua sonde là một phương pháp nuôi dưỡng người bệnh nặng, giảm nguy cơ nhiễm trùng, sử dụng chức năng ruột bình thường, tránh teo nhung mao, giảm khả năng mất cân bằng điện giải, tiết kiệm kinh tế và an toàn. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm khảo sát thực trạng của người bệnh nuôi ăn qua sonde tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp tiến cứu mô tả trên 255 người bệnh từ tháng 4/2022 đến tháng 6/2022, tại các Khoa Hồi sức Tích cực, Hồi sức Tích cực Ngoại khoa, Chống độc, Nhiễm khuẩn Tổng hợp, Bỏng, Ngoại tiêu hóa và Trung tâm Đột quỵ. Kết quả cho thấy, tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng đánh giá theo chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI) là 14,5%, chỉ số chu vi vòng cánh tay (MUAC) là 6,7%, đánh giá tổng thể tình trạng dinh dưỡng theo chủ quan (SGA) là 54,9% (điểm SGA mức B và C), chỉ số albumin huyết thanh 79,2%. Tỷ lệ ngày đầu nuôi dưỡng qua sonde kết hợp tĩnh mạch chiếm 45,9%, ngày thứ 7 còn 8,2%. Ngày đầu can thiệp, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân cung cấp năng lượng ở mức đáp ứng thiếu chiếm 18,8%, đáp ứng đủ 56,1%, đáp ứng thừa 25,1%
ngày thứ 7 sau can thiệp, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân cung cấp thiếu năng lượng chiếm 38,4%, đáp ứng đủ chiếm 55,7%, đáp ứng thừa chiếm 5,9%. Ngày đầu tổng năng lượng đạt 75,5%, ngày thứ 7 đạt 85,9% nhu cầu khuyến nghị. Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng của người bệnh khi nhập viện khá cao (đánh giá theo SGA là 54,9% và chỉ số albumin 79,2%), phần lớn người bệnh được cung cấp năng lượng đủ nhu cầu khuyến nghị, những ngày đầu tỷ lệ người bệnh nuôi dưỡng phối hợp tĩnh mạch và tiêu hóa cao, sau đó giảm dần nuôi dưỡng tĩnh mạch, chuyển sang nuôi dưỡng tiêu hóa hoàn toàn., Tóm tắt tiếng anh, Enteral tube feeding is a method to supply nutrients for critically ill patients, reducing the risk of infection, using normal bowel function, avoiding villous atrophy, reducing the possibility of electrolyte imbalance, reducing treatment costs and safe for patients. This paper aims to study the current situation of patients with feeding tubes at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital. The reseacrch applied a descriptive prospective method to study 255 patients, from April 2022 to June 2022, in Intensive Care, Surgical Intensive Care, Poison Control Department, General Infections Department, Stroke Center, Burns and Gastrointestinal Surgery Departments. Results showed that the malnutrition rate assessed by BMI (Body mass index) was 14.5%, by MUAC (Mid-upper arm circumference) was 6.7%, by SGA (Subjective global assessment) was 54.9%, by serum albumin index was 79.2%. On the first day of enteral tube feeding, the combining rate of enteral and parenteral nutrition was 45.9%, on the 7th day, it was 8.2%. On the first day, the rate of hypocaloric diet was 18.8%
isocaloric diet was 56.1%
hypercaloric diet was 25.1%. On the 7th day, these rates were 38.4, 55.7, and 5.9% respectively. The total energy intake on the first day and the 7th day achieved 75.5 and 85.9% recommended dietary allowance respectively. In conclusion, the rate of malnourished patients in hospitalised was high (assessed by SGA tool 54.9% and serum albumin index 79.2%), most patients are provided energy to meet the recommended dietary allowance. In the early days, the percentage of patients receiving combined parenteral and enteral was high, then gradually reducing parenteral, switching to complete enteral nutrition.

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