Organic production system has been increasing significantly in both production scale, market size, and sales volume in many parts of the world. However, many politicians and academics are still anxious about the potential contributions of the organic production systems to the future development of the agriculture sector. This overview focuses on analysing the history, development status, the main strengths and weaknesses of the world organic farming that might help to provide a more obvious view on this production system. Organic farming has been demonstrated as a more sustainable way to produce food because of less resource utilization, increased biodiversity, reduced environmental impacts, and higher product safety as compared to the conventional counterpart. Organic products have also been widely evaluated to be healthier, tastier, and more environmentally friendly. However, this farming system has been facing certain difficulties in terms of productivity, ensuring food quality, product price, market accessibility, conversion duration, and conversion costs. Further works are required to identify the relative performances of different production systems regarding individual sustainability objectives.