Hiện trạng rác thải nhựa ở khu vực cửa sông Sài Gòn - Đồng Nai và các giải pháp quản lý

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Tác giả: Xuân Hoàn Nguyễn, Duy Thanh Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.34-38

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 457805

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Khu vực cửa sông Sài Gòn - Đồng Nai có mật độ dân cư cao, cùng với quá trình đô thị hóa mạnh, làm tăng việc phát sinh rác thải nhựa (RTN). Nghiên cứu này có mục tiêu khảo sát, phân tích khối lượng, số lượng mảnh nhựa và nồng độ kim loại nặng Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd trong RTN tại khu vực cửa sông Sài Gòn - Đồng Nai. Các phương pháp sử dụng bao gồm: Thu mẫu, phân tích RTN, phân tích kim loại nặng, xử lý số liệu. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, RTN xuất hiện tại tất cả 6 điểm khảo sát, khối lượng có giá trị trung bình 5,29 mg/m3
các mẫu nhựa có chứa kẽm, crôm và chì
hàm lượng kẽm có giá trị cao nhất, đạt 50,7 mg/kg, tiếp theo là crôm và chì, ứng với giá trị lần lượt là 14,1 mg/kg và 9,8 mg/kg. Một số giải pháp quản lý RTN khu vực cửa sông Sài Gòn - Đồng Nai đã được đề xuất, bao gồm: Thu gom RTN phát sinh từ hoạt động nuôi trồng, đánh bắt thủy, hải sản (bãi nuôi hàu, ngao), cánh đồng muối, khu vực dân cư
giảm thiểu nhựa sử dụng một lần, tăng cường tái chế, tái sử dụng RTN
định kỳ thực hiện các chiến dịch làm sạch RTN phát sinh trong khu vực
ngăn ngừa RTN phát sinh từ các khu du lịch, nhà nghỉ ven sông trong khu vực, RTN từ hoạt động vui chơi, giải trí trên bãi biển, hướng tới phát triển du lịch không RTN
áp dụng hiệu quả các công cụ quản lý RTN (chính sách pháp luật, công cụ kinh tế, công nghệ kỹ thuật và giáo dục) trên phạm vi toàn quốc.Rivers are a major pathway for plastic transport into the seas and plastic waste is often concentrated in the estuary. This region frequently experiences high population density and robust urbanization, which increases the generation of plastic waste. This research aimed to analyze macroplastic (>
5 mm) in the Saigon-Dong Nai estuary, investigating mass characteristics, the number of plastic fragments, and concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd). This study employed various methods, including sampling and analyzing macroplastic characteristics, measuring heavy metal concentrations, and conducting statistical analyses. The results of the study showed that there was plastic waste at all six sites, with an average value of 5.29 mg/m3, plastic waste contained zinc, chromium, and lead
the zinc content had the highest value, reaching 50.7 mg/kg
followed by chromium and lead with values of 14.1 mg/kg and 9.8 mg/kg, respectively. Several solutions to manage plastic waste in the Saigon - Dong Nai estuary area have been proposed, including: Collection of plastic waste arising from aquaculture and fishing activities (oyster and clam farms), salt fields, residential areas
reduce single-use plastics, increase recycling and reuse of plastic waste
periodically implement campaigns to clean up plastic waste generated in the area
prevent plastic waste arising from tourist resorts, riverside motels in the area, plastic waste from entertainment activities on the beach, towards the development of plastic wastefree tourism
effectively apply plastic waste management tools (environmental law and policy, economic policy , instruments for plastic waste, technology solutions and education) nationwide. instruments for plastic waste, technology solutions and education) nationwide.

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