Hiện trạng khai thác tài nguyên nước dưới đất khu vực khan hiếm nước của tỉnh Cao Bằng và đề xuất giải pháp quản lý khai thác, sử dụng

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Tác giả: Thị Thanh Thuỷ Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Công nghiệp Mỏ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.40-49

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 460904

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Cao Bang province is a locality with rugged mountainous terrain and limited water formation conditions, so it is currently facing water scarcity to serve people's lives. Currently, a small part of the water source used for living activities is exploited from drilled wells and dug wells, while the majority of the water source is from springs, streams, rivers and rains. However, the surface water is not enough to supply in the dry season, so the orientation for exploitation and using the groundwater located deep in the fractured aquifer is necessary. According to the survey results, community consultation, sampling and laboratory analysis in 10 highland mountain and water-scarce areas of Cao Bang province shown that with a total quantity for use in the area is 912 m3/day, the quantity of groundwater ensures supply for daily life and socio-economic development activities that without affecting the environment and stability of the region. The water quality in the survey wells is good, only a few areas are contaminated with microorganisms that need to be treated before use. From there, the study proposes solutions for management in exploiting and using groundwater to serve people's lives, ensuring stability and sustainability of water resources for socio-economic development locally.Tỉnh Cao Bằng là địa phương có địa hình núi non hiểm trở, điều kiện hình thành nước hạn chế nên đang đối diện với tình trạng khan hiếm nước phục vụ đời sống dân sinh. Hiện nay, nguồn nước sử dụng cho sinh hoạt một phần nhỏ được khai thác từ giếng khoan, giếng đào còn phần lớn là nước dẫn từ các mạch lộ, khe suối, nước sông và nước mưa. Tuy nhiên, nguồn nước mặt không đủ cung cấp vào mùa khô nên việc khai thác sử dụng nước dưới đất nằm sâu ở tầng chứa nước khe nứt là cần thiết. Bằng phương pháp khảo sát thực địa, tham vấn cộng đồng, lấy mẫu và phân tích trong phòng thí nghiệm tại 10 vùng núi cao, vùng khan hiếm nước của tỉnh Cao Bằng cho thấy với tổng lưu lượng nước sử dụng tại khu vực là 912 m3/ngày thì trữ lượng nước dưới đất đảm bảo cung cấp nước cho sinh hoạt và hoạt động phát triển kinh tế - xã hội của địa phương mà không gây tác động đến môi trường và độ ổn định của khu vực. Nước có chất lượng tốt, nước trong, không màu, nước nhạt, chỉ có một số khu vực thành phần vi sinh vượt QCVN 09: 2023/BTNMT cần phải xử lý đạt quy chuẩn trước khi khai thác sử dụng. Nghiên cứu cũng đề xuất một số giải pháp quản lý tổng thể về quy mô khai thác, định hướng sử dụng nước dưới đất phục vụ đời sống dân sinh, đảm bảo ổn định, bền vững tài nguyên nước phục vụ phát triển kinh tế - xã hội cho địa phương.

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