Although they play a key role in ecosystem functioning and human life, plants are generally overlooked by policymakers and humans in general. In addition, in recent years, we have been witnessing an increase in biologists unable to recognize even common plants, and the number of plant experts (i.e., botanists) able to identify plants is decreasing. In light of these considerations, the Special Issue "Floristic Studies in the Light of Biodiversity Knowledge and Conservation" was launched in the journal Plants, and eight research articles, two reviews, and an editorial were published in it. It has been possible to publish research from different countries, underlining that the knowledge of the flora of a territory is essential to slow down the effects of anthropic pressure on biodiversity and likewise essential for most of the research activities of modern botany.