This paper examines the current state of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education in Vietnam, highlighting historical context, recent advancements, and ongoing challenges. Despite significant efforts by the Vietnamese government and society to improve English proficiency, the results have been mixed. This study explores the effectiveness of English language teaching (ELT) methods, the impact of cultural and societal factors, and the role of government policies. Furthermore, it discusses the integration of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs in higher education and their significance for Vietnam’s international integration and economic development. The findings underscore the need for a more systematic approach to ELT, improved teacher training, and enhanced educational resources to overcome existing barriers.