Nghiên cứu tác động của mực nước đến chất lượng nước trong các hệ thống thủy lợi vùng đồng bằng sông Hồng

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Tác giả: Hải Dương Hà, Đức Phong Nguyễn, Quốc Chính Vũ, Thị Thanh Hương Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Thủy lợi, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.2

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 462558

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During the spring of 2022, a study was undertaken to investigate the influence of water levels on water quality in seven irrigation systems located in the Red River Delta. The study encompassed three distinct monitoring periods, each corresponding to different water levels. During phase 1 (January 15 to January 22, 2022), the average water level on the main canals exhibited its highest values, ranging from 55.81% to 94.49% of the designated water level. In phase 2 (February 21 to February 28, 2022), the average water level on the channels experienced a decrease compared to phase 1, reaching values between 42.63% and 86.6% of the designated water level. The water level on the main channels exhibited its lowest values during the three monitoring periods encompassing Phase 3 (April 11 to April 18, 2022), with a range spanning from 27.69% to 85.0%. The results of the correlation analysis reveal a positive correlation between the average water level and the Water Quality Index (WQI), with a correlation coefficient (r) ranging from 0.7 to 0.99. This indicates that as the water level increases, there is a corresponding increase in the WQI value, suggesting an improvement in water quality. The water quality index (WQI) is evidently impacted by variations in water level. During the monitoring periods, it was observed that Period 1 exhibited the highest mean average and Water Quality Index (WQI) among the three phases. Conversely, Phase 2 demonstrated a lower average water level and WQI compared to Phase 1. Finally, Phase 3 displayed the lowest average water level and WQI when compared to the other two monitoring periods. Consequently, a significant factor contributing to the escalation of water pollution is the decline in water levels. In conjunction with waste management strategies, it is imperative to implement measures aimed at augmenting water supply to bolster the self-purification capacity and mitigate water pollution within the Red River Delta.Nghiên cứu tác động của mực nước đến chất lượng nước được thực hiện tại 7 hệ thống thủy lợi (HTTL) vùng Đồng bằng sông Hồng (ĐBSH) trong vụ xuân năm 2022 và thực hiện 3 đợt quan trắc ứng với các mực nước khác nhau cho thấy: Đợt 1 (15/1 đến 22/1/2022), mực nước trung bình (MNTB) trên các kênh chính cao nhất, đạt 55,81 đến 94,49% mực nước thiết kế (MNTK)
Đợt 2 (21/2 đến 28/2/2022), MNTB trên các kênh đã giảm thấp hơn so với đợt 1 và đạt 42,63 đến 86,6% MNTK. Đợt 3 (11/4 đến 18/4/2022) MNTB trên các kênh chính thấp nhất trong 3 đợt quan trắc và đạt 27,69 đến 85,0% MNTK. Kết quả phân tích tương quan giữa MNTB với WQI là tương quan đồng biến, r =0,7 đến 0,99, khi MNTB cao, giá trị WQI tăng lên (chất lượng nước tốt lên). MNTB có tác động rõ rệt đến chỉ số chất lượng nước WQI. Trong 3 đợt quan trắc, đợt 1 có MNTB cao nhất, WQI cao nhất
Đợt 2 có MNTB thấp hơn đợt 1 và WQI cũng thấp hơn đợt 1
Đợt 3 có MNTB thấp nhất và WQI cũng thấp nhất trong 3 đợt quan trắc. Như vậy, việc suy giảm mực nước là một trong các nguyên nhân chính làm gia tăng tình trạng ô nhiễm nước, bên cạnh biện pháp quản lý nguồn thải, cần phải có biện pháp tăng cường nguồn cấp nước để tăng cường khả năng tự làm sạch và giảm thiểu ô nhiễm nước trong các HTTL vùng ĐBSH.

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