WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: The clinical durations of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (sCJD) patients typically do not exceed 2 years, though considerable variation exists. The factors influencing survival among Chinese sCJD patients remain incompletely characterized. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: A comprehensive evaluation of 31 factors across 7 categories was conducted in a retrospective cohort of 300 probable Chinese sCJD patients. The analysis revealed that patients over 65 years of age at onset, those presenting with pyramidal or extrapyramidal dysfunction, those showing high signal intensity in caudate/putamen on magnetic resonance imaging, and those not receiving nasal feeding demonstrated significantly shorter survival times. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: This study provides the first systematic documentation of potential risk factors affecting survival times in Chinese sCJD patients, establishing an evidence base for developing and implementing targeted intervention strategies.