Ảnh hưởng của các đặc trưng mưa thiết kế tới hiệu quả kiểm soát dòng chảy của các công trình thoát nước bền vững=The effect of design storm c-haracteristics on low-impact developmentpractices for rainfall run off control

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Tác giả: Minh Hải Đặng

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Thủy lợi và Môi trường, 2020

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ID: 471256

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An increase in impervious areas leads to change in storm runoff in term of both increased peak disc-harges and decreased concentration time, causing urban inundation. To dealing with such a problem, runoff control at a site surrounding its generated source (Low Impact Development –LID) has been intensively considered. This paper aims to evaluate effect of design storm c-haracteristics on performance of various LID scenarios for reduction in both volumes and peak disc-harges. LID scenarios are combinations of green roofs, permeable pavements and bio retentions. SWMM model (Storm Water Management Model) is utilized to compare runoffs of LID scenarios to that of non-LID scenarios. The results indicate that an increase in returnperiods of storm events induced reduction in control efficiencies of both rainfall volume and peak disc-harges. Conversely, an increase in rainfall durationscaused anincrease in reduction efficiencies of both rainfall volume and peak disc-harges. The effect of different time to peakon control efficiency of storm runoff is not obvious.Runoff reduction efficiency of bioretention is the highest among three LIDs. The outcomes of this paper provide better understanding for se-lection and design of LID. Keywords SWMM 5.1, LID, Cau Ba river basin, design stormsSự gia tăng bề mặt không thấm nước đã làm tăng lưu lượng đỉnh và giảm thời gian tập trung dòng chảy nước mưa vào hệ thống thoát nước, gây ngập lụt trong đô thị. Để giảm thiểu ngập lụt đô thị, giải pháp kiểm soát dòng chảy nước mưa tại nguồn (LID-Low Impact Development) đang được quan tâm rộng rãi. Mục tiêu của bài báo là đánh giá ảnh hưởng của các đặc trưng của mô hình mưa thiết kế đến hiệu quả kiểm soát thể tích và lưu lượng lớn nhất của các phương án LID khác nhau. Các phương án LID được tổ hợp từ các loại công trình mái nhà xanh, vật liệu lát thấm nước và hộp trồng cây. Mô hình SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) được sử dụng để đánh giá hiệu quả của các giải pháp LID so với giải pháp thoát nước truyền thống. Kết quả cho thấy chu kỳ lặp lại của trận mưa thiết kế tăng lên thì hiệu quả giảm thể tích dòng chảy và lưu lượng lớn nhất sẽ giảm. Ngược lại, khi thời gian mưa tăng lên thì hiệu quả giảm thể tích và giảm lưu lượng lớn nhất sẽ tăng. Hiệu quả giảm thể tích và giảm lưu lượng lớn nhất không rõ rệt khi thời gian xuất hiện đỉnh mưathay đổi. Hộp trồng cây có hiệu quả giảm thể tích và lưu lượng cao nhất so với mái nhà xanh và vật liệu lát thấm nước. Kết quả của bài báo sẽ góp phần cung cấp thêm cơ sở khoa học cho việc lựa chọn và tính toán các công trình LID. Từ khóa SWMM 5.1, LID, Cầu Bây, Mưa thiết kế, Dòng chảy

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