Nghiên cứu đánh giá tính phù hợp của kiến thức bản địa trong thích ứng với lũ của nông dân tỉnh An Giang=Study on assessment of indigenous knowledge in adapting to floods of farmers in An Giang province

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Ngọc Đệ Nguyễn, Xuân Phú Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học & Công nghệ: Chuyên san Khoa học Trái đất và Môi trường, 2018

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ID: 471857

Thêm vào giỏ

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm hệ thống hóa và đánh giá tính phù hợp của kiến thức bản địa trong thích nghi với lũ của nông dân ở tỉnh An Giang. Kết quả nghiên cứu sẽ làm cơ sở khoa học cho việc đề xuất các giải pháp bảo tồn và phát huy hiệu quả sử dụng kiến thức bản địa trong việc giảm tính dễ bị tổn thương của nông dân vùng lũ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy người dân ở địa bàn nghiên cứu có nhiều kiến thức bản địa có giá trị trong thích ứng với lũ. Tuy nhiên, những kiến thức này chưa được ghi chép cụ thể và lưu trữ phù hợp để truyền lại cho các thế hệ sau và chia sẻ rộng rãi trong cộng đồng. Bên cạnh đó, cũng có một số kiến thức bản địa của người dân không còn phù hợp và đã sai lệch so với hiện nay nên cần xem xét trong điều kiện hiện tại. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy chỉ số tổn thương sinh kế LVI của khu vực nghiên cứu giảm dần theo các yếu tố chính là mạng lưới xã hội, kiến thức - kỹ năng, nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên, thu nhập và tài chính, chiến lược sinh kế, thảm họa thiên nhiên và khác nhau ở vùng đầu, giữa và cuối nguồn
cụ thể, chỉ số LVI của xã Phú Hữu (đầu nguồn) là cao nhất (0,390), kế đến là xã Vĩnh Phước (cuối nguồn 0,331) và thấp nhất là xã Vĩnh An (giữa nguồn 0,287). Chỉ số tổn thương trước biến đổi khí hậu LVI-IPCC cho của ba xã nằm trong khoảng thấp và trung bình, trong đó xã Vĩnh Phước (cuối nguồn) có chỉ số thấp nhất, kế đến là xã Phú Hữu (đầu nguồn, cao nhất là xã Vĩnh An (giữa nguồn) với các chỉ số lần lượt là -0,047
-0,010
-0,008. Vì thế, nghiên cứu đã đưa ra một số giải pháp bảo tồn kiến thức bản địa có giá trị, ứng dụng kết hợp kiến thức bản địa với các biện pháp thích nghi hiện tại để nâng cao khả năng chủ động thích nghi với lũ trong điều kiện khí hậu biến đổi.This research was carried out to systematize and assess the appropriateness of farmer’s indigenous knowledge and their ability adapt with the flood in An Giang province, results of the research will provide a scientific foundation for proposing solutions to conserve and enhance the use of indigenous knowledge in reducing the vulnerability of people living in flooded areas. The results showed that local people used several effective indigenous knowledges for adapting with floods. However, the valuable indigenous knowledge has not been recorded yet, nor documented in written materials for sharing to young generations and communities
some indigenous practices are not suitable with the current requirement for flood adapation strategies. Research results showed that (LVI) of diffirent Zone (upper zone, middle zone, lower zone) are decreasingly dependent on major components of social networks, knowledge and skills, natural resources, finance and incomes, livelihood strategies, natural disater and climate variability. In which, (LVI 0.390) of Phu Huu commune in An Phu district which locates in the upper zone is higher than LVI of two communes located in the lower part of the river. These communes are Vinh An commune (LVI 0.287), Chau Thanh district (middle zone) and Vinh Phuoc commune (LVI 0.331), Tri Ton district (lower zone) and adaptive capacity of Phu Huu commune (0.399) is also higher than Vinh An (0.299) and Vinh Phuoc (0.337). It reflects the direct proportion between LVI and adaptive capacity. The research also suggests some solutions to conserve the valuable indigenous knowledge in adapting to climate change of local people.

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