Tính toán phát thải khí thải và ứng dụng hệ mô hình TAPM-AERMOD mô phỏng ô nhiễm không khí từ hệ thống bến cảng tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh=Air emission inventory and application TAPM-AERMOD models to study air quality f-rom 34 ports in Ho Chi Minh City

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Tác giả: Quốc Bằng Hồ, Thị Thúy Hằng Nguyễn, Thoại Tâm Nguyễn, Thị Nguyệt Thanh Phạm, Hoàng Ngọc Khuê Vũ

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học & Công nghệ: Chuyên san Khoa học Trái đất và Môi trường, 2018

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Thêm vào giỏ

Hệ thống cảng thành phố Hồ Chí Minh gồm 34 cảng có phát thải khí thải, đóng vai trò là cửa ngõ của miền Nam (bao gồm cả Đông Nam Bộ và Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long) trong các hoạt động xuất khẩu và nhập khẩu. Hoạt động cảng biển là lĩnh vực đóng góp một lượng lớn khí thải vào bầu khí quyển Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP. HCM). Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là (i) tính toán thải lượng các chất ô nhiễm không khí từ hoạt động cảng của TP.HCM sử dụng mô hình SPD-GIZ như oxit lưu huỳnh (SOX), oxit nitơ (NOX), bụi mịn (PM2.5, PM10), hợp chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi (VOC), cacbon monoxit (CO) từ các hoạt động như tàu biển (Ocean going vessels-OGVs), tàu lai dắt (Harbor Crafts-HC), phương tiện phục vụ bốc dỡ hàng hóa (Cargo handling equipment-CHE) và phương tiện giao thông tại cảng (Heavy trucks-HVs)
(ii) Sử dụng mô hình mô phỏng chất lượng không khí TAPM-AERMOD để đánh giá ảnh hưởng hoạt động cảng đến chất lượng không khí khu vực lân cận
(iii) dựa trên kết quả mô phỏng đề xuất các giải pháp giảm phát thải và giảm nhẹ mức độ ô nhiễm. Các kết quả kiểm kê phát thải khí thải cho thấy tổng lượng phát thải tại cảng là khí NOX và SOX chủ yếu từ OGVs và CHE do sử dụng nhiên liệu là dầu nặng và dầu Diesel có hàm lượng lưu huỳnh cao. Kết quả cho thấy rằng thời gian lúc tàu neo đậu là thời gian phát thải chiếm cao nhất (chiếm trên 90% tổng phát thải từ OGVs).The port system of Ho Chi Minh City including 34 ports, serves as the gateway to the South (including the South East and the Mekong Delta) in export and import activities. In which contribute a huge amount of pollutants to the atmosphere in Ho Chi Minh City. The objective of this study is to (i) Calculating air emissions f-rom ports system in Ho Chi Minh city using the SPD-GIZ model which emits a large amount of air pollutants such as sulfur oxide (SOX), nitrogen oxide (NOX), fine dust (PM2.5, PM10), volatile organic compounds (VOC), carbon monoxide (CO) f-rom large ships (Ocean going vessels - OGVs), towing ships (Harbor Crafts - HCs), cargo handling equipment (Cargo handling equipment - CHE) and other vehicles (Heavy trucks – HVs)
(ii) Using dispersion model TAPM-AERMOD to assess the impact of port operations to air quality in surouding port area
(iii) Proposing abatement measures based on the results of simulation to reduce emissions/ air pollution levels. The results of emission inventory show that the total port emissions are largely NOX and SOX mainly f-rom large ships (OGVs) and cargo handling equipment (CHE) due to the use of heavy oil and diesel which have high sulfur content. The results show that the time at which a mooring boat is the most time consuming (accounting for over 90% of total emissions f-rom OGVs).

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